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While speculative decoding has recently appeared as a promising direction for accelerating the inference of large language models (LLMs), the speedup and scalability are strongly bounded by the token acceptance rate. Prevalent methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yunfan Xiong , Ruoyu Zhang , Yanzeng Li , Tianhao Wu , Lei Zou

Effective and controllable data selection is critical for LLM instruction tuning, especially with massive open-source datasets. Existing approaches primarily rely on instance-level quality scores, or diversity metrics based on embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zihan Niu , Wenping Hu , Junmin Chen , Xiyue Wang , Tong Xu , Ruiming Tang

Large language models (LLMs) are typically fine-tuned on diverse and extensive datasets sourced from various origins to develop a comprehensive range of skills, such as writing, reasoning, chatting, coding, and more. Each skill has unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari

Making an informed choice of pre-trained language model (LM) is critical for performance, yet environmentally costly, and as such widely underexplored. The field of Computer Vision has begun to tackle encoder ranking, with promising forays…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Max Müller-Eberstein , Rob van der Goot , Barbara Plank

Feature engineering is mandatory in the machine learning pipeline to obtain robust models. While evolutionary computation is well-known for its great results both in feature selection and feature construction, its methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 João Eduardo Batista

Instruction tuning is crucial for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), yet mainstream data selection methods heavily rely on LLMs as instruction quality scorers, leading to high computational costs and reduced data diversity. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hongyi Cai , Yuqian Fu , Hongming Fu , Bo Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise but remain challenging to continually improve through traditional finetuning, particularly when integrating capabilities from other specialized LLMs. Popular methods like ensemble…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhenglun Kong , Zheng Zhan , Shiyue Hou , Yifan Gong , Xin Meng , Pengwei Sui , Peiyan Dong , Xuan Shen , Zifeng Wang , Pu Zhao , Hao Tang , Stratis Ioannidis , Yanzhi Wang

Survey papers play a critical role in scientific communication by consolidating progress across a field. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution by automating key steps in the survey-generation pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jing Chen , Zhiheng Yang , Yixian Shen , Jie Liu , Adam Belloum , Chrysa Papagainni , Paola Grosso

Learning structured outputs with general structures is computationally challenging, except for tree-structured models. Thus we propose an efficient boosting-based algorithm AdaBoost.MRF for this task. The idea is based on the realization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-25 Truyen Tran , Dinh Phung , Svetha Venkatesh

We introduce RosettaSearch, an inference-time multi-objective optimization approach for backbone conditioned protein sequence design. We use large language models (LLMs) as a generative optimizer within a search algorithm capable of…

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models for automatic speech recognition jointly train an acoustic model, language model, and alignment mechanism. Thus, the language model component is only trained on transcribed audio-text pairs. This…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-12-07 Anjuli Kannan , Yonghui Wu , Patrick Nguyen , Tara N. Sainath , Zhifeng Chen , Rohit Prabhavalkar

Based on decision trees, many fields have arguably made tremendous progress in recent years. In simple words, decision trees use the strategy of "divide-and-conquer" to divide the complex problem on the dependency between input features and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Jinxiong Zhang

The general capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM) highly rely on the composition and selection on extensive pretraining datasets, treated as commercial secrets by several institutions. To mitigate this issue, we open-source the…

Several algorithms have been developed over the years to perform join operation which is executed frequently and affects the efficiency of the database system. Some of these efforts prove that join performance mainly depends on the…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Norah Asiri , Rasha Alsulim

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Tree-based speculative decoding accelerates autoregressive generation by verifying a branching tree of draft tokens in a single target-model forward pass. However, existing methods prioritize maximizing token-level likelihood or the number…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lifu Wang , Pan Zhou

Understanding the internal computations of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for aligning them with human values and preventing undesirable behaviors like toxic content generation. However, mechanistic interpretability is hindered by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jungwoo Park , Young Jin Ahn , Kee-Eung Kim , Jaewoo Kang

Merge trees are a valuable tool in the scientific visualization of scalar fields; however, current methods for merge tree comparisons are computationally expensive, primarily due to the exhaustive matching between tree nodes. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yu Qin , Brittany Terese Fasy , Carola Wenk , Brian Summa

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capacity across a variety of tasks. However, reasoning remains a challenge for LLMs. To improve LLMs' reasoning ability, process supervision has proven to be better than…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Shuangtao Li , Shuaihao Dong , Kexin Luan , Xinhan Di , Chaofan Ding

Boosting is a method for learning a single accurate predictor by linearly combining a set of less accurate weak learners. Recently, structured learning has found many applications in computer vision. Inspired by structured support vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Chunhua Shen , Guosheng Lin , Anton van den Hengel