Related papers: Ship-track-based assessments overestimate the cool…
Clouds play a significant role in global temperature regulation through their effect on planetary albedo. Anthropogenic emissions of aerosols can alter the albedo of clouds, but the extent of this effect, and its consequent impact on…
Human induced changes in atmospheric aerosols have introduced a climate forcing by modifying cloud droplet number concentration, liquid water, and cloud fraction. This forcing is subject to large uncertainties as cloud adjustments have not…
Using the Community Earth System Model, with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3, we investigate the cloud radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols emitted from different source regions and global shipping. We also analyse aerosol…
Radiative effects of aerosol-cloud interactions constitute the most uncertain climate forcing of the Earth system, making it important to understand how they may change with climate. We conduct 3-day-long large-eddy simulations of a…
Satellite imagery can detect temporary cloud trails or ship tracks formed from aerosols emitted from large ships traversing our oceans, a phenomenon that global climate models cannot directly reproduce. Ship tracks are observable examples…
Ship-tracks are produced by ship-emitted aerosols interacting with marine low clouds. Here we apply deep learning models on satellite data to produce the first multi-year global climatology map of ship-tracks. We show that ship-tracks are…
One of the most pressing questions in climate science is that of the effect of anthropogenic aerosol on the Earth's energy balance. Aerosols provide the `seeds' on which cloud droplets form, and changes in the amount of aerosol available to…
A concern for stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is that stratospheric aerosols could inadvertently alter rain and winds through mechanisms independent of the intended surface cooling. We here use a multi-model framework to investigate…
The interaction of aerosol-cloud-precipitation has an important impact on the global climate. The understanding of this issue is related to the uncertainty of climate change prediction. The traditional indirect effect of aerosols suggests…
Aerosol interactions with clouds represent a significant uncertainty in our understanding of the Earth system. Deep convective clouds may respond to aerosol perturbations in several ways that have proven difficult to elucidate with…
In recent years, the climate change research community has become highly interested in describing the anthropogenic influence on extreme weather events, commonly termed "event attribution." Limitations in the observational record and in…
Marine stratocumulus cloud decks are regarded as the reflectors of the climate system, returning back to space a significant part of the income solar radiation, thus cooling the atmosphere. Such clouds can exist in two stable modes, open…
We investigate the equilibrium climate response to East and Southeast Asian emissions of carbonaceous aerosols and sulfur dioxide, a precursor of sulfate aerosol. Using the Community Earth System Model, with the Community Atmosphere Model…
Owing to their wavelengths dependent absorption and scattering properties, clouds have a strong impact on the climate of planetary atmospheres. Especially, the potential greenhouse effect of CO2 ice clouds in the atmospheres of terrestrial…
Stratocumulus cloud decks exhibit bistability between patterns of high (closed cells) and low (open cells) cloud fraction. Localized transitions between these two states (pockets of open cells) have been observed but their underlying…
Coupled climate model simulations designed to isolate the effects of Arctic sea-ice loss often apply artificial heating, either directly to the ice or through modification of the surface albedo, to constrain sea-ice in the absence of other…
Freshwater forcing from a retreating Antarctic Ice Sheet could have a wide range of impacts on future global climate. Here, we report on multi-century (present-2250) climate simulations performed using a fully coupled numerical model…
Ship emissions can form linear cloud structures, or ship tracks, when atmospheric water vapor condenses on aerosols in the ship exhaust. These structures are of interest because they are observable and traceable examples of marine cloud…
Changes in aerosol concentrations can modify cloud brightness, producing a strong but poorly constrained influence on Earth's energy balance. Because cloud reflectivity depends on the size distribution of cloud droplets, and aerosol size…
Improving observations of ocean heat content show that Earth is absorbing more energy from the sun than it is radiating to space as heat, even during the recent solar minimum. The inferred planetary energy imbalance, 0.59 \pm 0.15 W/m2…