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This article introduces the class of continuous time locally stationary wavelet processes. Continuous time models enable us to properly provide scale-based time series models for irregularly-spaced observations for the first time, while…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Henry Antonio Palasciano , Marina I. Knight , Guy P. Nason

Irregularly sampled multivariate time series are ubiquitous in various fields, particularly in healthcare, and exhibit two key characteristics: intra-series irregularity and inter-series discrepancy. Intra-series irregularity refers to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Jiawen Zhang , Shun Zheng , Wei Cao , Jiang Bian , Jia Li

Research into time series classification has tended to focus on the case of series of uniform length. However, it is common for real-world time series data to have unequal lengths. Differing time series lengths may arise from a number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Chang Wei Tan , Francois Petitjean , Eamonn Keogh , Geoffrey I. Webb

Both speech and sensor time series data encode information in both the time- and frequency- domains, like spectral powers and waveform shapelets. We show that speech foundation models learn representations that generalize beyond the speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jaya Narain , Zakaria Aldeneh , Shirley Ren

Supervised learning with irregularly sampled time series have been a challenge to Machine Learning methods due to the obstacle of dealing with irregular time intervals. Some papers introduced recently recurrent neural network models that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Rafael T. Sousa , Lucas A. Pereira , Anderson S. Soares

Time series data are collected in temporal order and are widely used to train systems for prediction, modeling and classification to name a few. These systems require large amounts of data to improve generalization and prevent over-fitting.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 T. K. M. Lee , H. W. Chan , K. H. Leo , E. Chew , Ling Zhao , S. Sanei

Probabilistic forecasting of multivariate time series is essential for various downstream tasks. Most existing approaches rely on the sequences being uniformly spaced and aligned across all variables. However, real-world multivariate time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yijun Li , Cheuk Hang Leung , Qi Wu

A framework is proposed for the unconditional generation of synthetic time series based on learning from a single sample in low-data regime case. The framework aims at capturing the distribution of patches in wavelet scalogram of time…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Amir Kazemi , Hadi Meidani

There are many time series in the literature with high dimension yet limited sample sizes, such as macroeconomic variables, and it is almost impossible to obtain efficient estimation and accurate prediction by using the corresponding…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Yuchang Lin , Qianqian Zhu , Guodong Li

In time-series analysis, many recent works seek to provide a unified view and representation for time-series across multiple domains, leading to the development of foundation models for time-series data. Despite diverse modeling techniques,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Yunshi Wen , Tengfei Ma , Tsui-Wei Weng , Lam M. Nguyen , Anak Agung Julius

We introduce the joint time-frequency scattering transform, a time shift invariant descriptor of time-frequency structure for audio classification. It is obtained by applying a two-dimensional wavelet transform in time and log-frequency to…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Joakim Andén , Vincent Lostanlen , Stéphane Mallat

Shapelets are discriminative subsequences, originally embedded in shapelet-based decision trees but have since been extended to shapelet-based transformations. We propose Castor, a simple, efficient, and accurate time series classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Isak Samsten , Zed Lee

We examine how transformers cope with two challenges: learning basic integer arithmetic, and generalizing to longer sequences than seen during training. We find that relative position embeddings enable length generalization for simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Samy Jelassi , Stéphane d'Ascoli , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Yuhuai Wu , Yuanzhi Li , François Charton

Unsupervised (a.k.a. Self-supervised) representation learning (URL) has emerged as a new paradigm for time series analysis, because it has the ability to learn generalizable time series representation beneficial for many downstream tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zhiyu Liang , Chen Liang , Zheng Liang , Hongzhi Wang , Bo Zheng

Irregularly sampled time series forecasting, characterized by non-uniform intervals, is prevalent in practical applications. However, previous research have been focused on regular time series forecasting, typically relying on transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Byunghyun Kim , Jae-Gil Lee

The paper deals with variational approaches to the segmentation of time series into smooth pieces, but allowing for sharp breaks. In discrete time, the corresponding functionals are of Blake-Zisserman type. Their natural counterpart in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Angela Kempe , Volkmar Liebscher , Gerhard Winkler , Olaf Wittich

Functional data analysis is ubiquitous in most areas of sciences and engineering. Several paradigms are proposed to deal with the dimensionality problem which is inherent to this type of data. Sparseness, penalization, thresholding, among…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-05 Rodney V. Fonseca , Aluísio Pinheiro

Time series is the most prevalent form of input data for educational prediction tasks. The vast majority of research using time series data focuses on hand-crafted features, designed by experts for predictive performance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Mohammad Asadi , Vinitra Swamy , Jibril Frej , Julien Vignoud , Mirko Marras , Tanja Käser

Classification of time series signals has become an important construct and has many practical applications. With existing classifiers we may be able to accurately classify signals, however that accuracy may decline if using a reduced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-22 Paul Grant , Md Zahidul Islam

Prevalent in many real-world settings such as healthcare, irregular time series are challenging to formulate predictions from. It is difficult to infer the value of a feature at any given time when observations are sporadic, as it could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Taylor W. Killian , Haoran Zhang , Thomas Hartvigsen , Ava P. Amini