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Related papers: On the Difficulty of Membership Inference Attacks

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With an increase in low-cost machine learning APIs, advanced machine learning models may be trained on private datasets and monetized by providing them as a service. However, privacy researchers have demonstrated that these models may leak…

Machine learning (ML) models have been widely applied to various applications, including image classification, text generation, audio recognition, and graph data analysis. However, recent studies have shown that ML models are vulnerable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Hongsheng Hu , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Gillian Dobbie , Philip S. Yu , Xuyun Zhang

The state-of-the-art for membership inference attacks on machine learning models is a class of attacks based on shadow models that mimic the behavior of the target model on subsets of held-out nonmember data. However, we find that this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pratiksha Thaker , Neil Kale , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attack, which can be used to determine whether a given sample appears in the training data. Most existing methods assume the attacker has full access to the features of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xurun Wang , Guangrui Liu , Xinjie Li , Haoyu He , Lin Yao , Zhongyun Hua , Weizhe Zhang

It is observed in the literature that data augmentation can significantly mitigate membership inference (MI) attack. However, in this work, we challenge this observation by proposing new MI attacks to utilize the information of augmented…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Da Yu , Huishuai Zhang , Wei Chen , Jian Yin , Tie-Yan Liu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which generalize traditional deep neural networks on graph data, have achieved state-of-the-art performance on several graph analytical tasks. We focus on how trained GNN models could leak information about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Iyiola E. Olatunji , Wolfgang Nejdl , Megha Khosla

Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to predict whether or not a particular sample was contained in the target model's training dataset. Existing attack methods have commonly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Yiyong Liu , Zhengyu Zhao , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

While being deployed in many critical applications as core components, machine learning (ML) models are vulnerable to various security and privacy attacks. One major privacy attack in this domain is membership inference, where an adversary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Yang Zou , Zhikun Zhang , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Modern machine learning (ML) ecosystems offer a surging number of ML frameworks and code repositories that can greatly facilitate the development of ML models. Today, even ordinary data holders who are not ML experts can apply off-the-shelf…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Zitao Chen , Karthik Pattabiraman

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to infer whether an input sample was used to train the model. Over the past few years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Xinlei He , Zheng Li , Weilin Xu , Cory Cornelius , Yang Zhang

Several membership inference (MI) attacks have been proposed to audit a target DNN. Given a set of subjects, MI attacks tell which subjects the target DNN has seen during training. This work focuses on the post-training MI attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Hassan Ali , Adnan Qayyum , Ala Al-Fuqaha , Junaid Qadir

Membership inference attacks seek to infer membership of individual training instances of a model to which an adversary has black-box access through a machine learning-as-a-service API. In providing an in-depth characterization of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Stacey Truex , Ling Liu , Mehmet Emre Gursoy , Lei Yu , Wenqi Wei

Membership inference attacks aim to infer whether a data record has been used to train a target model by observing its predictions. In sensitive domains such as healthcare, this can constitute a severe privacy violation. In this work we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Tomas Chobola , Dmitrii Usynin , Georgios Kaissis

A large body of research has shown that machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference (MI) attacks that violate the privacy of the participants in the training data. Most MI research focuses on the case of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Matthew Jagielski , Stanley Wu , Alina Oprea , Jonathan Ullman , Roxana Geambasu

The vulnerability of machine learning models to Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) has garnered considerable attention in recent years. These attacks determine whether a data sample belongs to the model's training set or not. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yu He , Boheng Li , Yao Wang , Mengda Yang , Juan Wang , Hongxin Hu , Xingyu Zhao

While person Re-identification (Re-ID) has progressed rapidly due to its wide real-world applications, it also causes severe risks of leaking personal information from training data. Thus, this paper focuses on quantifying this risk by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Junyao Gao , Xinyang Jiang , Huishuai Zhang , Yifan Yang , Shuguang Dou , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao , Cheng Deng , Cairong Zhao

Membership inference attacks (MIA) can reveal whether a particular data point was part of the training dataset, potentially exposing sensitive information about individuals. This article provides theoretical guarantees by exploring the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-08 Eric Aubinais , Elisabeth Gassiat , Pablo Piantanida

Ensuring the privacy of research participants is vital, even more so in healthcare environments. Deep learning approaches to neuroimaging require large datasets, and this often necessitates sharing data between multiple sites, which is…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-04 Umang Gupta , Dimitris Stripelis , Pradeep K. Lam , Paul M. Thompson , José Luis Ambite , Greg Ver Steeg

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to infer whether a data point has been used to train a machine learning model. These attacks can be employed to identify potential privacy vulnerabilities and detect unauthorized use of personal data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Myeongseob Ko , Ming Jin , Chenguang Wang , Ruoxi Jia

With the increasing adoption of AI, inherent security and privacy vulnerabilities formachine learning systems are being discovered. One such vulnerability makes itpossible for an adversary to obtain private information about the types of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Samyadeep Basu , Rauf Izmailov , Chris Mesterharm