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We develop the first (to the best of our knowledge) provably correct neural networks for a precise computational task, with the proof of correctness generated by an automated verification algorithm without any human input. Prior work on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Rudy Bunel , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , M. Pawan Kumar , Alessandro De Palma , Robert Stanforth

Deep neural networks are revolutionizing the way complex systems are developed. However, these automatically-generated networks are opaque to humans, making it difficult to reason about them and guarantee their correctness. Here, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Yuval Jacoby , Clark Barrett , Guy Katz

Most methods for neural network verification focus on bounding the image, i.e., set of outputs for a given input set. This can be used to, for example, check the robustness of neural network predictions to bounded perturbations of an input.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xiyue Zhang , Benjie Wang , Marta Kwiatkowska , Huan Zhang

With the increasing integration of neural networks as components in mission-critical systems, there is an increasing need to ensure that they satisfy various safety and liveness requirements. In recent years, numerous sound and complete…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Elazar Cohen , Guy Katz

Neural network verification mainly focuses on local robustness properties, which can be checked by bounding the image (set of outputs) of a given input set. However, often it is important to know whether a given property holds globally for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xiyue Zhang , Benjie Wang , Marta Kwiatkowska

Neural networks are becoming a popular tool for solving many real-world problems such as object recognition and machine translation, thanks to its exceptional performance as an end-to-end solution. However, neural networks are complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Guoliang Dong , Jingyi Wang , Jun Sun , Yang Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Ting Dai , Jin Song Dong , Xingen Wang

While abstraction is a classic tool of verification to scale it up, it is not used very often for verifying neural networks. However, it can help with the still open task of scaling existing algorithms to state-of-the-art network…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Pranav Ashok , Vahid Hashemi , Jan Křetínský , Stefanie Mohr

Despite significant advancements in post-hoc explainability techniques for neural networks, many current methods rely on heuristics and do not provide formally provable guarantees over the explanations provided. Recent work has shown that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Shahaf Bassan , Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Tobias Ladner , Matthias Althoff , Guy Katz

Modern verification tools for deep neural networks (DNNs) increasingly rely on abstraction to scale to realistic architectures. In parallel, proof production is becoming a critical requirement for increasing the reliability of DNN…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Omri Isac , Guy Katz , Tobias Ladner , Haoze Wu

Neural models combining representation learning and reasoning in an end-to-end trainable manner are receiving increasing interest. However, their use is severely limited by their computational complexity, which renders them unusable on real…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Pasquale Minervini , Matko Bosnjak , Tim Rocktäschel , Sebastian Riedel

We propose a formulation for nonlinear recurrent models that includes simple parametric models of recurrent neural networks as a special case. The proposed formulation leads to a natural estimator in the form of a convex program. We provide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-28 Sohail Bahmani , Justin Romberg

We investigate how neural networks can learn and process languages with hierarchical, compositional semantics. To this end, we define the artificial task of processing nested arithmetic expressions, and study whether different types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Dieuwke Hupkes , Sara Veldhoen , Willem Zuidema

With deep neural networks providing state-of-the-art machine learning models for numerous machine learning tasks, quantifying the robustness of these models has become an important area of research. However, most of the research literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Tsui-Wei Weng , Pin-Yu Chen , Lam M. Nguyen , Mark S. Squillante , Ivan Oseledets , Luca Daniel

We investigate the computational complexity of various problems for simple recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as formal models for recognizing weighted languages. We focus on the single-layer, ReLU-activation, rational-weight RNNs with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Yining Chen , Sorcha Gilroy , Andreas Maletti , Jonathan May , Kevin Knight

In this work, we propose an overlapped speech detection system trained as a three-class classifier. Unlike conventional systems that perform binary classification as to whether or not a frame contains overlapped speech, the proposed…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-08 Jee-weon Jung , Hee-Soo Heo , Youngki Kwon , Joon Son Chung , Bong-Jin Lee

As a new programming paradigm, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been increasingly deployed in practice, but the lack of robustness hinders their applications in safety-critical domains. While there are techniques for verifying DNNs with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jiaxiang Liu , Yunhan Xing , Xiaomu Shi , Fu Song , Zhiwu Xu , Zhong Ming

This paper introduces several techniques that improve the scalability of the deductive verification of data-level programs working on arrays and matrices. First of all, we introduce a technique to rewrite expressions with (nested)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Lars B. van den Haak , Anton Wijs , Marieke Huisman

Prior work on neural network verification has focused on specifications that are linear functions of the output of the network, e.g., invariance of the classifier output under adversarial perturbations of the input. In this paper, we extend…

Applying convolutional neural networks to large images is computationally expensive because the amount of computation scales linearly with the number of image pixels. We present a novel recurrent neural network model that is capable of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Volodymyr Mnih , Nicolas Heess , Alex Graves , Koray Kavukcuoglu

Deep LSTM is an ideal candidate for text recognition. However text recognition involves some initial image processing steps like segmentation of lines and words which can induce error to the recognition system. Without segmentation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Anupama Ray , Sai Rajeswar , Santanu Chaudhury
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