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Unsupervised learning methods based on contrastive learning have drawn increasing attention and achieved promising results. Most of them aim to learn representations invariant to instance-level variations, which are provided by different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Feng Wang , Huaping Liu , Di Guo , Fuchun Sun

Cross entropy loss has served as the main objective function for classification-based tasks. Widely deployed for learning neural network classifiers, it shows both effectiveness and a probabilistic interpretation. Recently, after the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Rahaf Aljundi , Yash Patel , Milan Sulc , Daniel Olmeda , Nikolay Chumerin

The majority of computer vision algorithms fail to find higher-order (abstract) patterns in an image so are not robust against adversarial attacks, unlike human lateralized vision. Deep learning considers each input pixel in a homogeneous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Abubakar Siddique , Will N. Browne , Gina M. Grimshaw

Visual imagery does not consist of solitary objects, but instead reflects the composition of a multitude of fluid concepts. While there have been great advances in visual representation learning, such advances have focused on building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Austin Stone , Hagen Soltau , Robert Geirhos , Xi Yi , Ye Xia , Bingyi Cao , Kaifeng Chen , Abhijit Ogale , Jonathon Shlens

In contrastive representation learning, data representation is trained so that it can classify the image instances even when the images are altered by augmentations. However, depending on the datasets, some augmentations can damage the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-16 Masanori Koyama , Kentaro Minami , Takeru Miyato , Yarin Gal

Multi-view representation learning captures comprehensive information from multiple views of a shared context. Recent works intuitively apply contrastive learning (CL) to learn representations, regarded as a pairwise manner, which is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Jiangmeng Li , Wenwen Qiang , Hang Gao , Bing Su , Farid Razzak , Jie Hu , Changwen Zheng , Hui Xiong

Contrastive learning produces coherent semantic feature embeddings by encouraging positive samples to cluster closely while separating negative samples. However, existing contrastive learning methods lack principled guarantees on coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yahya Alkhatib , Wee Peng Tay

Recent empirical works have successfully used unlabeled data to learn feature representations that are broadly useful in downstream classification tasks. Several of these methods are reminiscent of the well-known word2vec embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sanjeev Arora , Hrishikesh Khandeparkar , Mikhail Khodak , Orestis Plevrakis , Nikunj Saunshi

Contrastive learning allows us to flexibly define powerful losses by contrasting positive pairs from sets of negative samples. Recently, the principle has also been used to learn cross-modal embeddings for video and text, yet without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Mohammadreza Zolfaghari , Yi Zhu , Peter Gehler , Thomas Brox

Self-supervised learning algorithms (SSL) based on instance discrimination have shown promising results, performing competitively or even outperforming supervised learning counterparts in some downstream tasks. Such approaches employ data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Mohammad Alkhalefi , Georgios Leontidis , Mingjun Zhong

While supervised learning has enabled great progress in many applications, unsupervised learning has not seen such widespread adoption, and remains an important and challenging endeavor for artificial intelligence. In this work, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Aaron van den Oord , Yazhe Li , Oriol Vinyals

Multi-label image classification presents a challenging task in many domains, including computer vision and medical imaging. Recent advancements have introduced graph-based and transformer-based methods to improve performance and capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Ahmad Sajedi , Samir Khaki , Yuri A. Lawryshyn , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Self-supervised learning has recently shown great potential in vision tasks through contrastive learning, which aims to discriminate each image, or instance, in the dataset. However, such instance-level learning ignores the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Tsai-Shien Chen , Wei-Chih Hung , Hung-Yu Tseng , Shao-Yi Chien , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Learning disentangled representations of textual data is essential for many natural language tasks such as fair classification, style transfer and sentence generation, among others. The existent dominant approaches in the context of text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Pierre Colombo , Chloe Clavel , Pablo Piantanida

In this paper, we propose a one-stage online clustering method called Contrastive Clustering (CC) which explicitly performs the instance- and cluster-level contrastive learning. To be specific, for a given dataset, the positive and negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Yunfan Li , Peng Hu , Zitao Liu , Dezhong Peng , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Xi Peng

Multiview network embedding aims at projecting nodes in the network to low-dimensional vectors, while preserving their multiple relations and attribute information. Contrastive learning approaches have shown promising performance in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Mengqi Zhang , Yanqiao Zhu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Recent progress in contrastive learning has revolutionized unsupervised representation learning. Concretely, multiple views (augmentations) from the same image are encouraged to map to the similar embeddings, while views from different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Nanxuan Zhao , Zhirong Wu , Rynson W. H. Lau , Stephen Lin

Labeling videos at scale is impractical. Consequently, self-supervised visual representation learning is key for efficient video analysis. Recent success in learning image representations suggests contrastive learning is a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Nishant Rai , Ehsan Adeli , Kuan-Hui Lee , Adrien Gaidon , Juan Carlos Niebles

Metric learning seeks to embed images of objects suchthat class-defined relations are captured by the embeddingspace. However, variability in images is not just due to different depicted object classes, but also depends on other latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Karsten Roth , Biagio Brattoli , Björn Ommer

The information bottleneck principle provides an information-theoretic method for representation learning, by training an encoder to retain all information which is relevant for predicting the label while minimizing the amount of other,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Marco Federici , Anjan Dutta , Patrick Forré , Nate Kushman , Zeynep Akata