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Multi-stage information retrieval (IR) has become a widely-adopted paradigm in search. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively evaluated as second-stage reranking models for monolingual IR, a systematic large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Longfei Zuo , Pingjun Hong , Oliver Kraus , Barbara Plank , Robert Litschko

As a primary means of information acquisition, information retrieval (IR) systems, such as search engines, have integrated themselves into our daily lives. These systems also serve as components of dialogue, question-answering, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yutao Zhu , Huaying Yuan , Shuting Wang , Jiongnan Liu , Wenhan Liu , Chenlong Deng , Haonan Chen , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds a pivotal shift in online user interactions with information. Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily relied on query-document matching, whereas LLMs excel in comprehending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Samira Ghodratnama , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) involves retrieving a target image based on a composed query of an image paired with text that specifies modifications or changes to the visual reference. CIR is inherently an instruction-following task, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Wenliang Zhong , Weizhi An , Feng Jiang , Hehuan Ma , Yuzhi Guo , Junzhou Huang

A major challenge in Entity Linking (EL) is making effective use of contextual information to disambiguate mentions to Wikipedia that might refer to different entities in different contexts. The problem exacerbates with cross-lingual EL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Avirup Sil , Gourab Kundu , Radu Florian , Wael Hamza

Pretrained language model (PLM) hidden states are frequently employed as contextual word embeddings (CWE): high-dimensional representations that encode semantic information given linguistic context. Across many areas of computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Jacob A. Matthews , John R. Starr , Marten van Schijndel

The heterogeneous nature of the logical foundations used in different interactive proof assistant libraries has rendered discovery of similar mathematical concepts among them difficult. In this paper, we compare a previously proposed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Qingxiang Wang , Cezary Kaliszyk

Despite recent advancements in Multilingual Information Retrieval (MLIR), a significant gap remains between research and practical deployment. Many studies assess MLIR performance in isolated settings, limiting their applicability to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Vera Pavlova , Mohammed Makhlouf

Extracting multiple relations from text sentences is still a challenge for current Open Relation Extraction (Open RE) tasks. In this paper, we develop several Open RE models based on the bidirectional LSTM-CRF (BiLSTM-CRF) neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Tao Ni , Qing Wang , Gabriela Ferraro

The CLEVR dataset of natural-looking questions about 3D-rendered scenes has recently received much attention from the research community. A number of models have been proposed for this task, many of which achieved very high accuracies of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Harm de Vries , Timothy J. O'Donnell , Shikhar Murty , Philippe Beaudoin , Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville

Modern NLP applications have enjoyed a great boost utilizing neural networks models. Such deep neural models, however, are not applicable to most human languages due to the lack of annotated training data for various NLP tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Xilun Chen , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Hany Hassan , Wei Wang , Claire Cardie

We present DR.DECR (Dense Retrieval with Distillation-Enhanced Cross-Lingual Representation), a new cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) system trained using multi-stage knowledge distillation (KD). The teacher of DR.DECR relies on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yulong Li , Martin Franz , Md Arafat Sultan , Bhavani Iyer , Young-Suk Lee , Avirup Sil

Recent work in cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), where queries and documents are in different languages, has shown the benefit of the Translate-Distill framework that trains a cross-language neural dual-encoder model using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , James Mayfield

Crossword puzzles are popular linguistic games often used as tools to engage students in learning. Educational crosswords are characterized by less cryptic and more factual clues that distinguish them from traditional crossword puzzles.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Andrea Zugarini , Kamyar Zeinalipour , Surya Sai Kadali , Marco Maggini , Marco Gori , Leonardo Rigutini

Neural networks provide new possibilities to automatically learn complex language patterns and query-document relations. Neural IR models have achieved promising results in learning query-document relevance patterns, but few explorations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Prior work on English monolingual retrieval has shown that a cross-encoder trained using a large number of relevance judgments for query-document pairs can be used as a teacher to train more efficient, but similarly effective, dual-encoder…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , James Mayfield , Douglas W. Oard , Scott Miller

Relation extraction (RE) seeks to detect and classify semantic relationships between entities, which provides useful information for many NLP applications. Since the state-of-the-art RE models require large amounts of manually annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Jian Ni , Radu Florian

This paper presents preliminary works on using Word Embedding (word2vec) for query expansion in the context of Personalized Information Retrieval. Traditionally, word embeddings are learned on a general corpus, like Wikipedia. In this work…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Nawal Ould-Amer , Philippe Mulhem , Mathias Gery

Interleaving learning is a human learning technique where a learner interleaves the studies of multiple topics, which increases long-term retention and improves ability to transfer learned knowledge. Inspired by the interleaving learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Hao Ban , Pengtao Xie

This paper evaluates existing and newly proposed answer selection methods based on pre-trained word embeddings. Word embeddings are highly effective in various natural language processing tasks and their integration into traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Rishav Chakravarti , Jiri Navratil , Cicero Nogueira dos Santos