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Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

Recently, contrastive learning has been shown to be effective in improving pre-trained language models (PLM) to derive high-quality sentence representations. It aims to pull close positive examples to enhance the alignment while push apart…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Kun Zhou , Beichen Zhang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Professional job recommendation involves a complex bipartite matching process that must reconcile a candidate's subjective preference with an employer's objective qualification. While Large Language Models (LLMs) are well-suited for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bryce Kan , Wei Yang , Emily Nguyen , Ganghui Yi , Bowen Yi , Chenxiao Yu , Yan Liu

The successful integration of large language models (LLMs) into recommendation systems has proven to be a major breakthrough in recent studies, paving the way for more generic and transferable recommendations. However, LLMs struggle to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Junyan Qiu , Haitao Wang , Zhaolin Hong , Yiping Yang , Qiang Liu , Xingxing Wang

Deep Candidate Generation plays an important role in large-scale recommender systems. It takes user history behaviors as inputs and learns user and item latent embeddings for candidate generation. In the literature, conventional methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Ningning Li , Qunwei Li , Xichen Ding , Shaohu Chen , Wenliang Zhong

Recommender systems guide users through vast amounts of information by suggesting items based on their predicted preferences. Collaborative filtering-based deep learning techniques have regained popularity due to their straightforward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Makbule Gulcin Ozsoy

Clustering continues to be a significant and challenging task. Recent studies have demonstrated impressive results by applying clustering to feature representations acquired through self-supervised learning, particularly on small datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Fei Ding , Dan Zhang , Yin Yang , Venkat Krovi , Feng Luo

Recently, many unsupervised deep learning methods have been proposed to learn clustering with unlabelled data. By introducing data augmentation, most of the latest methods look into deep clustering from the perspective that the original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Huasong Zhong , Chong Chen , Zhongming Jin , Xian-Sheng Hua

The sequential recommendation aims to recommend items, such as products, songs and places, to users based on the sequential patterns of their historical records. Most existing sequential recommender models consider the next item prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ruihong Qiu , Zi Huang , Hongzhi Yin

Recommender systems, which analyze users' preference patterns to suggest potential targets, are indispensable in today's society. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is the most popular recommendation model. Specifically, Graph Neural Network…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Zhuang Liu , Yunpu Ma , Yuanxin Ouyang , Zhang Xiong

While some powerful neural network architectures (e.g., Transformer, Graph Neural Networks) have achieved improved performance in sequential recommendation with high-order item dependency modeling, they may suffer from poor representation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yaowen Ye , Lianghao Xia , Chao Huang

Contrastive learning is one of the fastest growing research areas in machine learning due to its ability to learn useful representations without labeled data. However, contrastive learning is susceptible to feature suppression, i.e., it may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Tianhong Li , Lijie Fan , Yuan Yuan , Hao He , Yonglong Tian , Rogerio Feris , Piotr Indyk , Dina Katabi

Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence, particularly large language models (LLMs), have opened new opportunities for enhancing recommender systems (RecSys). Most existing LLM-based RecSys approaches operate in a discrete…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Haohao Qu , Shanru Lin , Yujuan Ding , Yiqi Wang , Wenqi Fan

Prevailing methods for training Large Language Models (LLMs) as text encoders rely on contrastive losses that treat the model as a black box function, discarding its generative and reasoning capabilities in favor of static embeddings. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jiashuo Sun , Shixuan Liu , Zhaochen Su , Xianrui Zhong , Pengcheng Jiang , Bowen Jin , Peiran Li , Weijia Shi , Jiawei Han

Contrastive Learning (CL) has achieved impressive performance in self-supervised learning tasks, showing superior generalization ability. Inspired by the success, adopting CL into collaborative filtering (CF) is prevailing in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-31 An Zhang , Leheng Sheng , Zhibo Cai , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a promising technique for improving recommender systems, addressing the challenge of data sparsity by using self-supervised signals from raw data. Integration of CL with graph convolutional network…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Jeongwhan Choi , Hyowon Wi , Chaejeong Lee , Sung-Bae Cho , Dongha Lee , Noseong Park

In sequential recommendation systems, data augmentation and contrastive learning techniques have recently been introduced using diffusion models to achieve robust representation learning. However, most of the existing approaches use random…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Jinkyeong Choi , Yejin Noh , Donghyeon Park

Recommendation systems have become indispensable in various online platforms, from e-commerce to streaming services. A fundamental challenge in this domain is learning effective embeddings from sparse user-item interactions. While…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yansong Wang , Qihui Lin , Junjie Huang , Tao Jia

Deep neural networks have emerged as a powerful technique for learning representations from user-item interaction data in collaborative filtering (CF) for recommender systems. However, many existing methods heavily rely on unique user and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

State-of-the-art pre-trained image models predominantly adopt a two-stage approach: initial unsupervised pre-training on large-scale datasets followed by task-specific fine-tuning using Cross-Entropy loss~(CE). However, it has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Zijun Long , George Killick , Lipeng Zhuang , Gerardo Aragon-Camarasa , Zaiqiao Meng , Richard Mccreadie