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Scattering amplitudes in $d+2$ dimensions can be expressed in terms of a conformal basis, for which the S-matrix behaves as a CFT correlation function on the celestial $d$-sphere. We explain how compact expressions for the full tree-level…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 Tim Adamo , Lionel Mason , Atul Sharma

It is shown how tree-level multi-gluon helicity amplitudes with an arbitrary number of off-shell external gluons can be calculated via BCFW recursion. Compact expressions for helicity amplitudes for scattering processes of three and four…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-19 A. van Hameren

In this paper, we study non-adjacent BCFW recursion relations and their connection to positive geometry. For an adjacent BCFW shift, the $n$-point N$^k$MHV tree-level amplitude in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM theory is expressed as a sum over planar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-04 Shruti Paranjape , Jaroslav Trnka , Minshan Zheng

We construct tree-level amplitude for massive particles using on-shell recursion relations based on two classes of momentum shifts: an all-line transverse shift that deforms momentum by its transverse polarization vector, and a massive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-14 Yohei Ema , Ting Gao , Wenqi Ke , Zhen Liu , Kun-Feng Lyu , Ishmam Mahbub

We explicitly compute the (NS) sector conventional type-I superstring tree-level amplitudes at five points after compactifying to 4-D, express the QFT building block in the helicity basis, and give several attempts towards arbitrary $n$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-19 Chen Huang

It is well known that under a BCFW-deformation, there is a boundary contribution when the amplitude scales as O(1) or worse. We show that boundary contributions have a similar recursion relation as scattering amplitude. Just like the BCFW…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-04 Qingjun Jin , Bo Feng

We derive general tree-level recursion relations for amplitudes which include massive propagating particles. As an illustration, we apply these recursion relations to scattering amplitudes of gluons coupled to massive scalars. We provide…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 S. D. Badger , E. W. N. Glover , V. V. Khoze , P. Svrcek

Recently, tree-level recursion relations for scattering amplitudes of gluons in Yang-Mills theory have been derived. In this note we propose a generalization of the recursion relations to tree-level scattering amplitudes of gravitons. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Freddy Cachazo , Peter Svrcek

It has been a long-standing challenge to find a geometric object underlying the cosmological wavefunction for Tr($\phi^3$) theory, generalizing associahedra and surfacehedra for scattering amplitudes. In this note we describe a new class of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-10 Nima Arkani-Hamed , Carolina Figueiredo , Francisco Vazão

We generalize the scattering equations to include both massless and massive particles. We construct an expression for the tree-level n-point amplitude with n-2 gluons or gravitons and a pair of massive scalars in arbitrary spacetime…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 Stephen G. Naculich

Twistor ideas have led to a number of recent advances in our understanding of scattering amplitudes. Much of this work has been indirect, determining the twistor space support of scattering amplitudes by examining the amplitudes in momentum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Lionel Mason , David Skinner

We initiate the study of positive geometry and scattering forms for tree-level amplitudes with matter particles in the (anti-)fundamental representation of the color/flavor group. As a toy example, we study the bi-color scalar theory, which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-08 Aidan Herderschee , Song He , Fei Teng , Yong Zhang

On-shell methods offer an alternative definition of quantum field theory at tree-level, replacing Feynman diagrams with recursion relations and interaction vertices with a handful of seed scattering amplitudes. In this paper we determine…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-11-10 Clifford Cheung , Chia-Hsien Shen , Jaroslav Trnka

We set up a bootstrap problem for renormalization. Working in the massless four-dimensional O$(N)$ model and the $\lambda \phi^4$ theory, we prove that unitarity leads to all-loop recursion relations between coefficients of scattering…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-23 Ameya Chavda , Daniel McLoughlin , Sebastian Mizera , John Staunton

We revisit the relations between open and closed string scattering amplitudes discovered by Kawai, Lewellen, and Tye (KLT). We show that they emerge from the underlying algebro-topological identities known as the twisted period relations.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-25 Sebastian Mizera

On-shell constructibility is redefining our understanding of perturbative quantum field theory. The tree-level S-matrix of constructible theories is completely determined by a set of recurrence relations and a reduced number of scattering…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-16 Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Francesco Di Filippo , Nathan Moynihan

One of the methods to calculate tree-level multi-gluon scattering amplitudes is to use the Berends-Giele recursion relation involving off-shell currents or off-shell amplitudes, if working in the light cone gauge. As shown in recent works…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-24 Piotr Kotko , Mirko Serino , Anna M. Stasto

We emphasize that scattering amplitudes of a wide class of models to any order in the coupling are constructible by on-shell tree subamplitudes. This follows from the Feynman-tree theorem combined with BCFW on-shell recursion relations. In…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-18 M. Maniatis

New methods are introduced for the description and evaluation of tree-level gravitational scattering amplitudes. An N=7 super-symmetric recursion, free from spurious double poles, gives a more efficient method for evaluating MHV amplitudes.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-08-26 Andrew Hodges

We review two novel techniques used to calculate tree-level scattering amplitudes efficiently: MHV diagrams, and on-shell recursion relations. For the MHV diagrams, we consider applications to tree-level amplitudes and focus in particular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-27 Andreas Brandhuber , Bill Spence , Gabriele Travaglini