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Head-on giant impacts (collisions between planet-size bodies) are frequently used to study the planet formation process as they present an extreme configuration where the two colliding bodies are greatly disturbed. With limited computing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-02 Jingyao Dou , Philip J Carter , Simon Lock , Zoë M Leinhardt

Our knowledge of the strengths of small bodies in the Solar System is limited by our poor understanding of their internal structures, and this, in turn, clouds our understanding of the formation and evolution of these bodies. Observations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-24 Ronald-Louis Ballouz , Derek C Richardson , Patrick Michel , Stephen R. Schwartz , Yang Yu

Following the recent insight in the material structure of comets, protoplanetesimals are assumed to have low densities and to be highly porous agglomerates. It is still unclear if planetesimals can be formed from these objects by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-30 C. Schäfer , R. Speith , W. Kley

Erosive collisions among planetary embryos in the inner solar system can lead to multiple remnant bodies, varied in mass, composition and residual velocity. Some of the smaller, unbound debris may become available to seed the main asteroid…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-02 Gal Sarid , Sarah T. Stewart , Zoe M. Leinhardt

We explore the possibility that large-scale convection be inhibited over some regions of giant planet interiors, as a consequence of a gradient of composition inherited either from their formation history or from particular events like…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gilles Chabrier , Isabelle Baraffe

Most meteorites are fragments from recent collisions experienced in the asteroid belt. In such a hyper-velocity collision, the smaller collision partner is destroyed, whereas a crater on the asteroid is formed or it is entirely disrupted,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-15 Eike Beitz , Jürgen Blum , M. Gabriela Parisi , Josep M. Trigo-Rodríguez

The formation of planetesimals is often accredited to collisional sticking of dust grains. The exact process is unknown, as collisions between larger aggregates tend to lead to fragmentation or bouncing rather than sticking. Recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Fredrik Windmark , Til Birnstiel , Carsten Güttler , Jürgen Blum , Cornelis P. Dullemond , Thomas Henning

The major aim of this study is to assess the effects of sintering of initially porous material on the thermal evolution of planetesimals, and to constrain the values of basic parameters that determined the structure and evolution of the H…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Stephan Henke , Hans-Peter Gail , Mario Trieloff , Winfried H. Schwarz , Thorsten Kleine

Numerical simulations of the stochastic end stage of planet formation typically begin with a population of embryos and planetesimals that grow into planets by merging. We analyzed the impact parameters of collisions leading to the growth of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-04 S. T. Stewart , Z. M. Leinhardt

It is known that near-Earth objects (NEOs) during their orbital evolution may often undergo close approaches to the Sun. Indeed it is estimated that up to ~70% of them end their orbital evolution colliding with the Sun. Starting from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Marchi , M. Delbo' , A. Morbidelli , P. Paolicchi , M. Lazzarin

Chondrules probably formed during a small window of time $\sim$1-4 Ma after CAIs, when most solid matter in the asteroid belt was already in the form of km-sized planetesimals. They are unlikely, therefore, to be ``building blocks" of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-01 William Herbst , James P. Greenwood

Collisional growth of dust occurs in all regions of protoplanetary disks with certain materials dominating between various condensation lines. The sticking properties of the prevalent dust species depend on the specific temperatures. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-23 Tunahan Demirci , Corinna Krause , Jens Teiser , Gerhard Wurm

More than a half of asteroids in the main belt have irregular shapes with the ratios of the minor to major axis lengths less than 0.6. One of the mechanisms to create such shapes is collisions between asteroids. The relationship between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Keisuke Sugiura , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

The dynamical and physical properties of asteroid family members are widely used to reconstruct the collisional evolution of the main belt and of individual objects. Families offer insights into the properties of the parent bodies and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Roberto Balossi , Paolo Tanga , Aldo Dell'Oro

Previous research suggests that impacts between planetary embryos and planetesimals during the late stages of planet formation can often determine the percentages of core and mantle material that compose the newly formed planets in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-14 Noah Ferich , Anna C. Childs , Jason H. Steffen

Collisions are a major modification process over the history of the Kuiper Belt. Recent work illuminates the complex array of possible outcomes of individual collisions onto porous, volatile bodies. The cumulative effects of such collisions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-29 Zoe M. Leinhardt , Sarah T. Stewart , Peter H. Schultz

We have developed a statistical framework that uses collisional evolution models, shock physics modeling and scaling laws to determine the range of plausible collisional histories for individual meteorite parent bodies. It is likely that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-11 Thomas M Davison , David P O'Brien , Fred J Ciesla , Gareth S Collins

Planets grow via the collisional accretion of small bodies in a protoplanetary disk. Such small bodies feel strong gas drag and their orbits are significantly affected by the gas flow and atmospheric structure around the planet. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-24 Tatsuya Okamura , Hiroshi Kobayashi

In this paper, we extend our Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) impact code to include the effect of porosity at a sub-resolution scale by adapting the so-called $P-alpha$ model. Many small bodies in the different populations of asteroids…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Jutzi , W. Benz , P. Michel

Accretional heating of Earth's interior during formation is pivotal to its subsequent thermal and chemical evolution. In particular, impact heating of Earth's core is expected, but its amplitude and radial distribution within the core is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 You Zhou , Peter E. Driscoll , Mingming Zhang , Christian Reinhardt , Thomas Meier