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Accurate estimation of post-click conversion rate is critical for building recommender systems, which has long been confronted with sample selection bias and data sparsity issues. Methods in the Entire Space Multi-task Model (ESMM) family…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hao Wang , Tai-Wei Chang , Tianqiao Liu , Jianmin Huang , Zhichao Chen , Chao Yu , Ruopeng Li , Wei Chu

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, a core task in recommendation systems, estimates user click likelihood using historical behavioral data. Modeling user behavior sequences as text to leverage Language Models (LMs) for this task has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zixuan Li , Binzong Geng , Jing Xiong , Yong He , Yuxuan Hu , Jian Chen , Dingwei Chen , Xiyu Chang , Liang Zhang , Linjian Mo , Chengming Li , Chuan Yuan , Zhenan Sun

Learning-to-rank (LTR) algorithms are ubiquitous and necessary to explore the extensive catalogs of media providers. To avoid the user examining all the results, its preferences are used to provide a subset of relatively small size. The…

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is essential in online advertising, where semantic information plays a pivotal role in shaping user decisions and enhancing CTR effectiveness. Capturing and modeling deep semantic information, such as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Guoxiao Zhang , Yi Wei , Yadong Zhang , Huajian Feng , Qiang Liu

Getting a better understanding of user behavior is important for advancing information retrieval systems. Existing work focuses on modeling and predicting single interaction events, such as clicks. In this paper, we for the first time focus…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Alexey Borisov , Martijn Wardenaar , Ilya Markov , Maarten de Rijke

We study offline recommender learning from explicit rating feedback in the presence of selection bias. A current promising solution for the bias is the inverse propensity score (IPS) estimation. However, the performance of existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-22 Yuta Saito , Masahiro Nomura

Accurate estimates of examination bias are crucial for unbiased learning-to-rank from implicit feedback in search engines and recommender systems, since they enable the use of Inverse Propensity Score (IPS) weighting techniques to address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Zhichong Fang , Aman Agarwal , Thorsten Joachims

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction has become increasingly indispensable for various Internet applications. Traditional CTR models convert the multi-field categorical data into ID features via one-hot encoding, and extract the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Jianghao Lin , Bo Chen , Hangyu Wang , Yunjia Xi , Yanru Qu , Xinyi Dai , Kangning Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Literature recommendation systems (LRS) assist readers in the discovery of relevant content from the overwhelming amount of literature available. Despite the widespread adoption of LRS, there is a lack of research on the user-perceived…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Malte Ostendorff , Corinna Breitinger , Bela Gipp

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction plays a key role in modern online personalization services. In practice, it is necessary to capture user's drifting interests by modeling sequential user behaviors to build an accurate CTR prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Jiarui Qin , Weinan Zhang , Xin Wu , Jiarui Jin , Yuchen Fang , Yong Yu

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a crucial task in recommendation systems, online searches, and advertising platforms, where accurately capturing users' real interests in content is essential for performance. However, existing methods…

Counterfactual Learning to Rank (LTR) algorithms learn a ranking model from logged user interactions, often collected using a production system. Employing such an offline learning approach has many benefits compared to an online one, but it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Rolf Jagerman , Maarten de Rijke

Post-click conversion rate (CVR) is a reliable indicator of online customers' preferences, making it crucial for developing recommender systems. A major challenge in predicting CVR is severe selection bias, arising from users' inherent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbo Hu , Xin Sun , Qiang liu , Le Wu , Liang Wang

Debiased recommender models have recently attracted increasing attention from the academic and industry communities. Existing models are mostly based on the technique of inverse propensity score (IPS). However, in the recommendation domain,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Xu Chen

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) creates new opportunities for recommender systems, especially by exploiting the side information (e.g., descriptions and analyses of items) generated by these models. However, aligning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Guixian Zhang , Guan Yuan , Debo Cheng , Lin Liu , Jiuyong Li , Shichao Zhang

The two primary tasks in the search recommendation system are search relevance matching and click-through rate (CTR) prediction -- the former focuses on seeking relevant items for user queries whereas the latter forecasts which item may…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Rong Chen , Shuzhi Cao , Ailong He , Shuguang Han , Jufeng Chen

A search engine recommends to the user a list of web pages. The user examines this list, from the first page to the last, and clicks on all attractive pages until the user is satisfied. This behavior of the user can be described by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Sumeet Katariya , Branislav Kveton , Csaba Szepesvári , Zheng Wen

Given the vital importance of search engines to find digital information, there has been much scientific attention on how users interact with search engines, and how such behavior can be modeled. Many models on user - search engine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Corné de Ruijt , Sandjai Bhulai

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction holds a paramount position in recommender systems. The prevailing ID-based paradigm underperforms in cold-start scenarios due to the skewed distribution of feature frequency. Additionally, the utilization…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xingmei Wang , Weiwen Liu , Xiaolong Chen , Qi Liu , Xu Huang , Yichao Wang , Xiangyang Li , Yasheng Wang , Zhenhua Dong , Defu Lian , Ruiming Tang

The goal of unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) is to leverage implicit user feedback for optimizing learning-to-rank systems. Among existing solutions, automatic ULTR algorithms that jointly learn user bias models (i.e., propensity models)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Chenliang Li , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison