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The intrinsic difficulty in adapting deep learning models to non-stationary environments limits the applicability of neural networks to real-world tasks. This issue is critical in practical supervised learning settings, such as the ones in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Simone Marullo , Matteo Tiezzi , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci , Tinne Tuytelaars

Deep-predictive-coding networks (DPCNs) are hierarchical, generative models. They rely on feed-forward and feed-back connections to modulate latent feature representations of stimuli in a dynamic and context-sensitive manner. A crucial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Isaac J. Sledge , Jose C. Principe

The Backprop algorithm for learning in neural networks utilizes two mechanisms: first, stochastic gradient descent and second, initialization with small random weights, where the latter is essential to the effectiveness of the former. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Shibhansh Dohare , Richard S. Sutton , A. Rupam Mahmood

Backpropagation (BP) has long been the predominant method for training neural networks due to its effectiveness. However, numerous alternative approaches, broadly categorized under feedback alignment, have been proposed, many of which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Aymene Berriche , Mehdi Zakaria Adjal , Riyadh Baghdadi

This paper shows that a new type of artificial neural network (ANN) -- the Simultaneous Recurrent Network (SRN) -- can, if properly trained, solve a difficult function approximation problem which conventional ANNs -- either feedforward or…

adap-org · Physics 2007-05-23 X. Pang , P. Werbos

Mix-based augmentation has been proven fundamental to the generalization of deep vision models. However, current augmentations only mix samples at the current data batch during training, which ignores the possible knowledge accumulated in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Lingfeng Yang , Xiang Li , Borui Zhao , Renjie Song , Jian Yang

The most popular technique to train a neural network is backpropagation. Recently, the Forward-Forward technique has also been introduced for certain learning tasks. However, in real life, human learning does not follow any of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Prasun Dutta , Koustab Ghosh , Rajat K. De

The growing size of datasets and deep learning models has made faster and memory-efficient training crucial. Reversible transformers have recently been introduced as an exciting new method for extremely memory-efficient training, but they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Tyler Zhu , Karttikeya Mangalam

Training general-purpose vision models on purely sequential visual data, eschewing linguistic inputs, has heralded a new frontier in visual understanding. These models are intended to not only comprehend but also seamlessly transit to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jianyuan Guo , Zhiwei Hao , Chengcheng Wang , Yehui Tang , Han Wu , Han Hu , Kai Han , Chang Xu

Recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNNs) can be implemented very efficiently in neuromorphic systems. Nevertheless, training of these models with powerful gradient-based learning algorithms is mostly performed on standard digital hardware…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Maximilian Baronig , Yeganeh Bahariasl , Ozan Özdenizci , Robert Legenstein

The pre-trained foundation models (PFMs) have become essential for facilitating large-scale multimodal learning. Researchers have effectively employed the ``pre-train, prompt, and predict'' paradigm through prompt learning to induce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xiang Chen , Yixin Ou , Quan Feng , Lei Li , Piji Li , Haibo Ye , Sheng-Jun Huang , Shuofei Qiao , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Feedforward CNN models have proven themselves in recent years as state-of-the-art models for predicting single-neuron responses to natural images in early visual cortical neurons. In this paper, we extend these models with recurrent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yimeng Zhang , Harold Rockwell , Sicheng Dai , Ge Huang , Stephen Tsou , Yuanyuan Wei , Tai Sing Lee

Large multilayer neural networks trained with backpropagation have recently achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of problems. However, using backprop for neural net learning still has some disadvantages, e.g., having to tune a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-16 José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Ryan P. Adams

How can we build agents that keep learning from experience, quickly and efficiently, after their initial training? Here we take inspiration from the main mechanism of learning in biological brains: synaptic plasticity, carefully tuned by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Thomas Miconi , Jeff Clune , Kenneth O. Stanley

Accelerating the data acquisition of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) leads to a challenging ill-posed inverse problem, which has received great interest from both the signal processing and machine learning community over the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Chen Qin , Jo Schlemper , Jose Caballero , Anthony Price , Joseph V. Hajnal , Daniel Rueckert

Action recognition is a fundamental problem in computer vision with a lot of potential applications such as video surveillance, human computer interaction, and robot learning. Given pre-segmented videos, the task is to recognize actions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Ahsan Iqbal , Alexander Richard , Hilde Kuehne , Juergen Gall

Recurrent neural networks can learn complex transduction problems that require maintaining and actively exploiting a memory of their inputs. Such models traditionally consider memory and input-output functionalities indissolubly entangled.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Davide Bacciu , Antonio Carta , Alessandro Sperduti

The backpropagation algorithm remains the dominant and most successful method for training deep neural networks (DNNs). At the same time, training DNNs at scale comes at a significant computational cost and therefore a high carbon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sander Dalm , Joshua Offergeld , Nasir Ahmad , Marcel van Gerven

The human visual system is an intricate network of brain regions that enables us to recognize the world around us. Despite its abundant lateral and feedback connections, object processing is commonly viewed and studied as a feedforward…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-09 Tim C Kietzmann , Courtney J Spoerer , Lynn Sörensen , Radoslaw M Cichy , Olaf Hauk , Nikolaus Kriegeskorte

Biological systems leverage top-down feedback for visual processing, yet most artificial vision models succeed in image classification using purely feedforward or recurrent architectures, calling into question the functional significance of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-12 Antonino Greco , Marco D'Alessandro , Karl J. Friston , Giovanni Pezzulo , Markus Siegel