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The Layer 2 Atomic Cross-Blockchain Function Calls protocol allows composable programming across Ethereum blockchains. It allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic: if one part fails,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Peter Robinson , Raghavendra Ramesh

Atomic Crosschain Transaction technology allows composable programming across private Ethereum blockchains. It allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic: if one part fails, the whole…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Peter Robinson , Raghavendra Ramesh , John Brainard , Sandra Johnson

The General Purpose Atomic Crosschain Transaction protocol allows composable programming across multiple Ethereum blockchains. It allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic: if one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Peter Robinson , Raghavendra Ramesh

Public blockchains such as Ethereum and Bitcoin do not give enterprises the privacy they need for many of their business processes. Consequently consortiums are exploring private blockchains to keep their membership and transactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Peter Robinson , David Hyland-Wood , Roberto Saltini , Sandra Johnson , John Brainard

Atomic Crosschain Transaction technology allows composable programming across private Ethereum blockchains. It allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic: if one part fails, the whole…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Peter Robinson

Despite the success in various scenarios, blockchain systems, especially EVM-compatible ones that serially execute transactions, still face the significant challenge of limited throughput. Concurrent transaction execution is a promising…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Haoran Lin , Yajin Zhou , Lei Wu

Blockchain technologies are expected to make a significant impact on a variety of industries. However, one issue holding them back is their limited transaction throughput, especially compared to established solutions such as distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Christian Gorenflo , Stephen Lee , Lukasz Golab , S. Keshav

As transaction fees skyrocket today, blockchains become increasingly expensive, hurting their adoption in broader applications. This work tackles the saving of transaction fees for economic blockchain applications. The key insight is that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yibo Wang , Yuzhe Tang

A major challenge in blockchain sharding protocols is that more than 95% transactions are cross-shard. Not only those cross-shard transactions degrade the system throughput but also double the confirmation time, and exhaust an already…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Lan N. Nguyen , Truc Nguyen , Thang N. Dinh , My T. Thai

To achieve interoperability between unconnected ledgers, hash time lock contracts (HTLCs) are commonly used for cross-chain asset exchange. The solution tolerates transaction failure, and can "make the best out of worst'' by allowing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Jiahua Xu , Damien Ackerer , Alevtina Dubovitskaya

Many blockchains such as Ethereum execute all incoming transactions sequentially significantly limiting the potential throughput. A common approach to scale execution is parallel execution engines that fully utilize modern multi-core…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Ray Neiheiser , Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogias

Traditional public blockchain systems typically had very limited transaction throughput because of the bottleneck of the consensus protocol itself. With recent advances in consensus technology, the performance limit has been greatly lifted,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Péter Garamvölgyi , Yuxi Liu , Dong Zhou , Fan Long , Ming Wu

Sharding is a way to address scalability problem in blockchain technologies. Ethereum, a prominent blockchain technology, has included sharding in its roadmap to increase its throughput. The plan is also to include multiple execution…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Raghavendra Ramesh

Modern distributed data management systems face a new challenge: how can autonomous, mutually-distrusting parties cooperate safely and effectively? Addressing this challenge brings up questions familiar from classical distributed systems:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Maurice Herlihy , Barbara Liskov , Liuba Shrira

Blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum execute payment transactions securely, but their performance is limited by the need for global consensus. Payment networks overcome this limitation through off-chain transactions. Instead of writing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Joshua Lind , Oded Naor , Ittay Eyal , Florian Kelbert , Peter Pietzuch , Emin Gun Sirer

Consensus protocols are currently the bottlenecks that prevent blockchain systems from scaling. However, we argue that transaction execution is also important to the performance and security of blockchains. In other words, there are ample…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Daniël Reijsbergen , Tien Tuan Anh Dinh

While many researchers adopt a sharding approach to design scaling blockchains, few works have studied the transaction placement problem incurred by sharding protocols. The widely-used hashing placement algorithm renders an overwhelming…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Liuyang Ren , Paul A. S. Ward

With the development of Ethereum, numerous blockchains compatible with Ethereum's execution environment (i.e., Ethereum Virtual Machine, EVM) have emerged. Developers can leverage smart contracts to run various complex decentralized…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Chaoyue Yin , Mingzhe Li , Jin Zhang , You Lin , Qingsong Wei , Siow Mong Rick Goh

Atomic swaps have been widely considered to be an ideal solution for cross-chain cryptocurrency transactions due to their trustless and decentralized nature. However, their adoption in practice has been strictly limited compared to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ethan Francolla , Arnav Shah

Blockchain technology is widely expected to reduce transaction costs by automating contract enforcement and eliminating intermediaries; yet, the execution costs imposed by network congestion have received little attention in the operations…

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