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Convolutional neural network is a machine-learning model widely applied in various prediction tasks, such as computer vision and medical image analysis. Their great predictive power requires extensive computation, which encourages model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Minghui Li , Sherman S. M. Chow , Shengshan Hu , Yuejing Yan , Chao Shen , Qian Wang

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly being adopted in a wide variety of application domains. Usually, a well-performing ML model relies on a large volume of training data and high-powered computational resources. Such a need for and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Runhua Xu , Nathalie Baracaldo , James Joshi

Several domains increasingly rely on machine learning in their applications. The resulting heavy dependence on data has led to the emergence of various laws and regulations around data ethics and privacy and growing awareness of the need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Sofiane Ouaari , Ali Burak Ünal , Mete Akgün , Nico Pfeifer

Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMC) allows parties with similar background to compute results upon their private data, minimizing the threat of disclosure. The exponential increase in sensitive data that needs to be passed upon networked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-08-10 Dr. Durgesh Kumar Mishra , Neha Koria , Nikhil Kapoor , Ravish Bahety

Large language model (LLM) routing has emerged as a critical strategy to balance model performance and cost-efficiency by dynamically selecting services from various model providers. However, LLM routing adds an intermediate layer between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xidong Wu , Yukuan Zhang , Yuqiong Ji , Reza Shirkavand , Qian Lou , Shangqian Gao

Recent development in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have leverage Attention-based Transformer architectures and achieved superior performance and generalization capabilities. They have since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuze Zhao , Jintao Huang , Jinghan Hu , Xingjun Wang , Yunlin Mao , Daoze Zhang , Hong Zhang , Zeyinzi Jiang , Zhikai Wu , Baole Ai , Ang Wang , Wenmeng Zhou , Yingda Chen

We introduce a deep learning framework able to deal with strong privacy constraints. Based on collaborative learning, differential privacy and homomorphic encryption, the proposed approach advances state-of-the-art of private deep learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Arnaud Grivet Sébert , Rafael Pinot , Martin Zuber , Cédric Gouy-Pailler , Renaud Sirdey

Recent advancements in privacy-preserving machine learning are paving the way to extend the benefits of ML to highly sensitive data that, until now, have been hard to utilize due to privacy concerns and regulatory constraints.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Hidde Lycklama , Alexander Viand , Nicolas Küchler , Christian Knabenhans , Anwar Hithnawi

With the increasing adoption of data-hungry machine learning algorithms, personal data privacy has emerged as one of the key concerns that could hinder the success of digital transformation. As such, Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Ziyao Liu , Jiale Guo , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jun Zhao

Pansharpening aims to fuse high-resolution panchromatic (PAN) images with low-resolution multispectral (LRMS) images to generate high-resolution multispectral (HRMS) images. Although deep learning-based methods have achieved promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zeyu Xia , Chenxi Sun , Tianyu Xin , Yubo Zeng , Haoyu Chen , Liang-Jian Deng

This paper examines the evolving landscape of machine learning (ML) and its profound impact across various sectors, with a special focus on the emerging field of Privacy-preserving Machine Learning (PPML). As ML applications become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Chaoyu Zhang , Shaoyu Li

The decentralized Federated Learning (FL) setting avoids the role of a potentially unreliable or untrustworthy central host by utilizing groups of clients to collaboratively train a model via localized training and model/gradient sharing.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Marco Bornstein , Tahseen Rabbani , Evan Wang , Amrit Singh Bedi , Furong Huang

This paper addresses privacy concerns in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), specifically within the context of supply chains where individual strategic data must remain confidential. Organizations within the supply chain are modeled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Ananta Mukherjee , Peeyush Kumar , Boling Yang , Nishanth Chandran , Divya Gupta

Speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as a widely used paradigm to accelerate LLM inference without compromising quality. It works by first employing a compact model to draft multiple tokens efficiently and then using the target LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Heming Xia , Yongqi Li , Jun Zhang , Cunxiao Du , Wenjie Li

Efficiency and communication cost remain critical bottlenecks for practical Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML). Most existing frameworks rely on fixed-point arithmetic for strong security, which introduces significant precision loss…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tianle Tao , Shizhao Peng , Haogang Zhu

Secure multi-party computation enables multiple mutually distrusting parties to perform computations on data without revealing the data itself, and has become one of the core technologies behind privacy-preserving machine learning. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Qizhi Zhang , Sijun Tan , Lichun Li , Yun Zhao , Dong Yin , Shan Yin

We present S3ML, a secure serving system for machine learning inference in this paper. S3ML runs machine learning models in Intel SGX enclaves to protect users' privacy. S3ML designs a secure key management service to construct flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Junming Ma , Chaofan Yu , Aihui Zhou , Bingzhe Wu , Xibin Wu , Xingyu Chen , Xiangqun Chen , Lei Wang , Donggang Cao

Efficient multi-party secure matrix multiplication is crucial for privacy-preserving machine learning, but existing mixed-protocol frameworks often face challenges in balancing security, efficiency, and accuracy. This paper presents an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shizhao Peng , Tianrui Liu , Tianle Tao , Derun Zhao , Hao Sheng , Haogang Zhu

We consider a collaborative learning scenario in which multiple data-owners wish to jointly train a logistic regression model, while keeping their individual datasets private from the other parties. We propose COPML, a fully-decentralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Jinhyun So , Basak Guler , A. Salman Avestimehr

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim