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Among the outer solar system minor planet orbits there is an observed gap in perihelion between roughly 50 and 65 au at eccentricities $e\gtrsim0.65$. Through a suite of observational simulations, we show that the gap arises from two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-15 William J. Oldroyd , Chadwick A. Trujillo

The observation of interstellar objects 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov suggests the existence of a larger population of smaller projectiles that impact our planet with unbound orbits. We analyze an asteroidal grazing meteor (FH1) recorded by…

Post-common-envelope binaries (PCEBs) consisting of a white dwarf (WD) and a main-sequence secondary star are ideal systems to constrain models of common-envelope (CE) evolution. Until very recently, observed samples of PCEBs have been too…

The spin-orbit angle, or obliquity, is a powerful observational marker that allows us to access the dynamical history of exoplanetary systems. Here, we have examined the distribution of spin-orbit angles for close-in exoplanets and put it…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 M. Attia , V. Bourrier , J. -B. Delisle , P. Eggenberger

The accumulating, but small, set of large semi-major axis trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) shows an apparent clustering in the orientations of their orbits. This clustering must either be representative of the intrinsic distribution of these…

Of the 26 transiting exoplanet systems with measurements of the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect, eight have now been found to be significantly spin-orbit misaligned in the plane of the sky. Unfortunately, the RM effect only measures the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Kevin C. Schlaufman

We investigate the underlying distribution of orbital eccentricities for planets around early-to-mid M dwarf host stars. We employ a sample of 163 planets around early- to mid-M dwarfs across 101 systems detected by NASA's Kepler Mission.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-30 Sheila Sagear , Sarah Ballard

We estimate the total population of near-Earth objects (NEOs) in the Solar System, using an extensive, `Solar System to pixels' fake-asteroid simulation to debias detections of real NEOs by the ATLAS survey. Down to absolute magnitudes…

If interstellar objects originate in protoplanetary disks, they can be used to calibrate the fraction of mass that such disks eject. The discoveries of interstellar objects 1I/`Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, taken together with rogue planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 Amir Siraj , Abraham Loeb

AGN disks have been proposed as promising locations for the mergers of stellar mass black hole binaries (BBHs). Much recent work has been done on this merger channel, but the majority focuses on stellar mass black holes (BHs) orbiting in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-03 Amy Secunda , Betsy Hernandez , Jeremy Goodman , Nathan W. C. Leigh , Barry McKernan , K. E. Saavik Ford , Jose I. Adorno

We use published models of the early Solar System evolution with a slow, long-range and grainy migration of Neptune to predict the orbital element distributions and the number of modern-day Centaurs. The model distributions are biased by…

Although the sample of exoplanets in binaries has been greatly expanded, the sample heterogeneity and observational bias are obstacles toward a clear figure of exoplanet demographics in the binary environment. To overcome the obstacles, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Xiang-Ning Su , Ji-Wei Xie , Ji-Lin Zhou , Philippe Thebault

Imminent impactors are natural bodies discovered in space before impacting the Earth. They provide a rare opportunity to characterize individual near-Earth objects (NEOs) in great detail as asteroids in space, meteors in Earth's atmosphere…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Ian Chow , Mario Jurić , R. Lynne Jones , Kathleen Kiker , Joachim Moeyens , Peter G. Brown , Aren N. Heinze , Jacob A. Kurlander

Observations of binary inspiral in a single interferometric gravitational wave detector can be cataloged according to signal-to-noise ratio $\rho$ and chirp mass $\cal M$. The distribution of events in a catalog composed of observations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Lee Samuel Finn

We present a quantitative study of the morphology of 41 Extremely Red Objects (EROs). The analysis is based on deep otical and near-infrared images from the Hubble Space Telescope public archive, and performed by fitting to each galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Moriondo , A. Cimatti , E. Daddi

The purpose of this paper is to investigate vertical self-resonant (VSR) bifurcations from the distant retrograde orbit (DRO) family in the framework of the Earth-Moon circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP). To this end, by using a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Cengiz Aydin

The plausibility of an unseen planet in the outer solar system, and the expected orbit and mass of such a planet, have long been a topic of inquiry and debate. We calculate the long-term orbital stability of distant TNOs, which allows us to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Amir Siraj , Christopher F. Chyba , Scott Tremaine

Phase resolved observations of planetary bodies allow us to understand the longitudinal and latitudinal variations that make each one unique. Rotational variations have been detected in several types of astronomical bodies beyond those of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-01 L. C. Mayorga , E. M. May , J. Lustig-Yaeger , S. E Moran

The Yarkovsky effect is a thermal process acting upon the orbits of small celestial bodies, which can cause these orbits to slowly expand or contract with time. The effect is subtle (da/dt ~ 10^-4 au/My for a 1 km diameter object) and is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-10 Adam H. Greenberg , Jean-Luc Margot , Ashok K. Verma , Patrick A. Taylor , Susan E. Hodge

Gravitational wave measurements will provide insight into the population of coalescing compact binaries throughout the universe. We describe and demonstrate a flexible parametric method to infer the event rate as a function of compact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-20 Daniel Wysocki , Jacob Lange , Richard O'Shaughnessy