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Graph neural network (GNN) is achieving remarkable performances in a variety of application domains. However, GNN is vulnerable to noise and adversarial attacks in input data. Making GNN robust against noises and adversarial attacks is an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Bharat Runwal , Vivek , Sandeep Kumar

Recent studies have revealed that GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To defend against such attacks, robust graph structure refinement (GSR) methods aim at minimizing the effect of adversarial edges based on node features, graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yeonjun In , Kanghoon Yoon , Kibum Kim , Kijung Shin , Chanyoung Park

We perform the first adversarial robustness study into Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that are provably more powerful than traditional Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs). In particular, we use adversarial robustness as a tool to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Francesco Campi , Lukas Gosch , Tom Wollschläger , Yan Scholten , Stephan Günnemann

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used in many applications. However, their robustness against adversarial attacks is criticized. Prior studies show that using unnoticeable modifications on graph topology or nodal features can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Xianfeng Tang , Yandong Li , Yiwei Sun , Huaxiu Yao , Prasenjit Mitra , Suhang Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve the state-of-the-art on graph-relevant tasks such as node and graph classification. However, recent works show GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations include the perturbation on edges, nodes,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jiate Li , Binghui Wang

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have been shown to be vulnerable to small adversarial perturbations, which becomes a severe threat and largely limits their applications in security-critical scenarios. To mitigate such a threat,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Jintang Li , Jie Liao , Ruofan Wu , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng , Jiawang Dan , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

Recent years have witnessed the emergence and development of graph neural networks (GNNs), which have been shown as a powerful approach for graph representation learning in many tasks, such as node classification and graph classification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Haoteng Tang , Guixiang Ma , Yurong Chen , Lei Guo , Wei Wang , Bo Zeng , Liang Zhan

Existing studies show that node representations generated by graph neural networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as unnoticeable perturbations of adjacent matrix and node features. Thus, it is requisite to learn robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Jiayan Guo , Shangyang Li , Yue Zhao , Yan Zhang

End-to-end training with global optimization have popularized graph neural networks (GNNs) for node classification, yet inadvertently introduced vulnerabilities to adversarial edge-perturbing attacks. Adversaries can exploit the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ao Liu , Wenshan Li , Tao Li , Beibei Li , Guangquan Xu , Pan Zhou , Wengang Ma , Hanyuan Huang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are an emerging model for learning graph embeddings and making predictions on graph structured data. However, robustness of graph neural networks is not yet well-understood. In this work, we focus on node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 James Fox , Sivasankaran Rajamanickam

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations in both topology and features, making the learning of robust representations a critical challenge. In this work, we bridge GNNs with control theory to introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Haoyu Chu , Xiaotong Chen , Wei Zhou , Wenjun Cui , Kai Zhao , Shikui Wei , Qiyu Kang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are the predominant architecture for learning over graphs. As with any machine learning model, an important issue is the detection of attacks, where an adversary can change the output with a small perturbation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chia-Hsuan Lu , Tony Tan , Michael Benedikt

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, including those that affect both node features and graph topology. This paper investigates GNNs derived from diverse neural flows, concentrating on their connection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Kai Zhao , Qiyu Kang , Yang Song , Rui She , Sijie Wang , Wee Peng Tay

Benefiting from the message passing mechanism, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been successful on flourish tasks over graph data. However, recent studies have shown that attackers can catastrophically degrade the performance of GNNs by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Kuan Li , Yang Liu , Xiang Ao , Jianfeng Chi , Jinghua Feng , Hao Yang , Qing He

Recent studies have shown that attackers can catastrophically reduce the performance of GNNs by maliciously modifying the graph structure or node features on the graph. Adversarial training, which has been shown to be one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Xiaobing Pei , Haoran Yang , Gang Shen

Deep learning models for graphs have achieved strong performance for the task of node classification. Despite their proliferation, currently there is no study of their robustness to adversarial attacks. Yet, in domains where they are likely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-10 Daniel Zügner , Amir Akbarnejad , Stephan Günnemann

As powerful tools for representation learning on graphs, graph neural networks (GNNs) have played an important role in applications including social networks, recommendation systems, and online web services. However, GNNs have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Haoran Liu , Bokun Wang , Jianling Wang , Xiangjue Dong , Tianbao Yang , James Caverlee

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently gained much attention for node and graph classification tasks on graph-structured data. However, multiple recent works showed that an attacker can easily make GNNs predict incorrectly via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Binghui Wang , Jinyuan Jia , Xiaoyu Cao , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) obtain tremendous success in modeling relational data. Still, they are prone to adversarial attacks, which are massive threats to applying GNNs to risk-sensitive domains. Existing defensive methods neither…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Beini Xie , Heng Chang , Ziwei Zhang , Xin Wang , Daixin Wang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Rex Ying , Wenwu Zhu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are becoming the de facto method to learn on the graph data and have achieved the state-of-the-art on node and graph classification tasks. However, recent works show GNNs are vulnerable to training-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiate Li , Meng Pang , Yun Dong , Binghui Wang