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In an undirected graph, a conflict-free coloring (with respect to open neighborhoods) is an assignment of colors to the vertices of the graph $G$ such that every vertex in $G$ has a uniquely colored vertex in its open neighborhood. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Sriram Bhyravarapu , Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on a plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we first give a useful structural theorem for 1-planar graphs, and then apply it to the list edge and list total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Xin Zhang , Bei Niu , Jiguo Yu

Esperet and Joret proved that planar graphs with bounded maximum degree are 3-colorable with bounded clustering. Liu and Wood asked whether the conclusion holds with the assumption of the bounded maximum degree replaced by assuming that no…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-19 Zdeněk Dvořák

A graph $G$ is \emph{uniquely k-colorable} if the chromatic number of $G$ is $k$ and $G$ has only one $k$-coloring up to permutation of the colors. A uniquely $k$-colorable graph $G$ is edge-critical if $G-e$ is not a uniquely $k$-colorable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Zepeng Li , Enqiang Zhu , Zehui Shao , Jin Xu

A facial $3$-complete $k$-coloring of a triangulation $G$ on a surface is a vertex $k$-coloring such that every triple of $k$-colors appears on the boundary of some face of $G$. The facial $3$-achromatic number $\psi_3(G)$ of $G$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Kengo Enami , Yumiko Ohno

A proper conflict-free colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices such that any two adjacent vertices receive different colours, and for every non-isolated vertex $v$, some colour appears exactly once on the neighbourhood of $v$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Chun-Hung Liu , Bruce Reed

Let $c$ be a proper edge colouring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ with integers $1,2,\ldots,k$. Then $k\geq \Delta(G)$, while by Vizing's theorem, no more than $k=\Delta(G)+1$ is necessary for constructing such $c$. On the course of investigating…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Marthe Bonamy , Jakub Przybyło

A graph is $(d_1, ..., d_r)$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $r$ sets $V_1, ..., V_r$ so that the maximum degree of the graph induced by $V_i$ is at most $d_i$ for each $i\in \{1, ..., r\}$. For a given pair $(g, d_1)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Hojin Choi , Ilkyoo Choi , Jisu Jeong , Geewon Suh

A vertex coloring of a graph is said to be \textit{conflict-free} with respect to neighborhoods if for every non-isolated vertex there is a color appearing exactly once in its (open) neighborhood. As defined in [Fabrici et al.,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Yair Caro , Mirko Petruševski , Riste Škrekovski

Duffy et al. [C. Duffy, G. MacGillivray, and \'E. Sopena, Oriented colourings of graphs with maximum degree three and four, Discrete Mathematics, 342(4), p. 959--974, 2019] recently considered the oriented chromatic number of connected…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Pascal Ochem , Alexandre Pinlou

This paper continues the study of a new variant of graph coloring with a connectivity constraint recently introduced by Hsieh et al. [COCOON 2024]. A path in a vertex-colored graph is called conflict-free if there is a color that appears…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Carl Feghali , Hoang-Oanh Le , Van Bang Le

A sequence $s_1,s_2,...,s_k,s_1,s_2,...,s_k$ is a repetition. A sequence $S$ is nonrepetitive, if no subsequence of consecutive terms of $S$ form a repetition. Let $G$ be a vertex colored graph. A path of $G$ is nonrepetitive, if the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-05 János Barát , Július Czap

The Colouring problem asks whether the vertices of a graph can be coloured with at most $k$ colours for a given integer $k$ in such a way that no two adjacent vertices receive the same colour. A graph is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it has no…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Konrad Dabrowski , Daniel Paulusma

The clustering of a graph coloring is the maximum size of monochromatic components. This paper studies colorings with bounded clustering in graph classes with bounded layered treewidth, which include planar graphs, graphs of bounded Euler…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Chun-Hung Liu , David R. Wood

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is called a $2$-distance coloring if any two vertices at a distance at most $2$ from each other receive different colors. Recently, Bousquet et al. (Discrete Mathematics, 346(4), 113288, 2023) proved that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Zakir Deniz

We show that every plane graph with maximum face size four whose all faces of size four are vertex-disjoint is cyclically 5-colorable. This answers a question of Albertson whether graphs drawn in the plane with all crossings independent are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-11-18 Daniel Král' , Ladislav Stacho

Petru\v{s}evski and \v{S}krekovski \cite{odd9} recently introduced the notion of an odd colouring of a graph: a proper vertex colouring of a graph $G$ is said to be \emph{odd} if for each non-isolated vertex $x \in V(G)$ there exists a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-20 Jan Petr , Julien Portier

A k-distance r-coloring of a graph is a coloring of the vertices of the graph such that if the distance between 2 vertices x and y is less or equal to k, then x and y must have distinct colors. A planar graph is a graph that can be drawn…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Sara Al Hajjar

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is said to be locally identifying if the sets of colors in the closed neighborhood of any two adjacent non-twin vertices are distinct. The lid-chromatic number of a graph is the minimum number of colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-11 Daniel Gonçalves , Aline Parreau , Alexandre Pinlou

In this short note we show that every connected $2$-edge coloured cubic graph admits an $10$-colouring. This lowers the best known upper bound for the chromatic number of connected $2$-edge coloured cubic graphs.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Christopher Duffy