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In object tracking and state estimation problems, ambiguous evidence such as imprecise measurements and the absence of detections can contain valuable information and thus be leveraged to further refine the probabilistic belief state. In…
Photonic lantern nulling (PLN) is a method for enabling the detection and characterization of close-in exoplanets by exploiting the symmetries of the ports of a mode-selective photonic lantern (MSPL) to cancel out starlight. A six-port MSPL…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images often suffer from noise contamination, which degrades image quality and affects further analysis. This research presents a complete approach to estimate their Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and noise…
The electronic gain -- the conversion between photoelectrons on a pixel and the digital number recorded to disk -- gives physical units to an astronomical image and sets the relation between pixel value and photon noise. This paper presents…
We develop a novel peak detection algorithm for the analysis of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC$\times$GC-TOF MS) data using normal-exponential-Bernoulli (NEB) and mixture probability…
Transit photometry is currently the most efficient and sensitive method for detecting extrasolar planets (exoplanets) and a large majority of confirmed exoplanets have been detected with this method. The substantial success of space-based…
Detecting small planets via the radial velocity method remains challenged by signals induced by stellar variability, versus the effects of the planet(s). Here, we explore using Gaussian Process (GP) regression with Transiting Exoplanet…
To evidence multimode spatial entanglement of spontaneous down-conversion, detector arrays allow a full field measurement, without any a priori selection of the paired photons. We show by comparing results of the recent literature that…
In this paper, we study the joint detection and angle estimation problem for beamspace multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with multiple random jamming targets. An iterative low-complexity generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)…
Exoplanets with a long orbital period are difficult to discover by extant methods. Our first publication (Lerner, P., A. Mayer, T. E. Sullivan. 2023. A new method for the discovery of the distant exoplanets. SPIE Proceedings 12680:…
The discovery of exoplanets has expanded our understanding of planetary systems and opened new avenues for astronomical research. In this study, we present a machine learning (ML) framework for exoplanet identification using a time-series…
We consider distributed state estimation in a wireless sensor network without a fusion center. Each sensor performs a global estimation task---based on the past and current measurements of all sensors---using only local processing and local…
The detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence (CBC) has allowed us to probe the strong-field dynamics of General Relativity (GR). Among various tests performed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration are parameterized…
Much recent research on multi-target tracking has focused on multi-hypothesis approaches leveraging random finite sets. Of particular interest are labeled random finite set methods that maintain temporally coherent labels for each object.…
We present a maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm that is fast enough to detect gamma-ray transients in real time on low-performance processors often used for space applications. We validate the routine with simulations and find that, relative…
Radial velocity surveys for extra-solar planets generally require substantial amounts of large telescope time in order to monitor a sufficient number of stars. Two of the aspects which can limit such surveys are the single-object…
Generalized network tomography (GNT) deals with estimation of link performance parameters for networks with arbitrary topologies using only end-to-end path measurements of pure unicast probe packets. In this paper, by taking advantage of…
The next generation of telescopes will yield a substantial increase in the availability of high-resolution spectroscopic data for thousands of exoplanets. The sheer volume of data and number of planets to be analyzed greatly motivate the…
Estimating the parameters of gravitational wave signals detected by ground-based detectors requires an understanding of the properties of the detectors' noise. In particular, the most commonly used likelihood function for gravitational wave…
This paper addresses a two-channel passive detection problem exploiting cyclostationarity. Given a reference channel (RC) and a surveillance channel (SC), the goal is to detect a target echo present at the surveillance array transmitted by…