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Probabilistic graphical models compactly represent joint distributions by decomposing them into factors over subsets of random variables. In Bayesian networks, the factors are conditional probability distributions. For many problems, common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Weirui Kong , Wenyi Wang

Accurately estimating data density is crucial for making informed decisions and modeling in various fields. This paper presents a novel nonparametric density estimation procedure that utilizes bivariate penalized spline smoothing over…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-29 Kunal Das , Shan Yu , Guannan Wang , Li Wang

Entropy regularization is used to get improved optimization performance in reinforcement learning tasks. A common form of regularization is to maximize policy entropy to avoid premature convergence and lead to more stochastic policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Riashat Islam , Zafarali Ahmed , Doina Precup

Normalizing flows are a powerful tool to create flexible probability distributions with a wide range of potential applications in cosmology. Here we are studying normalizing flows which represent cosmological observables at field level,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 Adam Rouhiainen , Utkarsh Giri , Moritz Münchmeyer

Negative probabilities arise primarily in physics, statistical quantum mechanics and quantum computing. Negative probabilities arise as mixing distributions of unobserved latent variables in Bayesian modeling. Our goal is to provide a link…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov

This paper considers a multivariate spatial random field, with each component having univariate marginal distributions of the skew-Gaussian type. We assume that the field is defined spatially on the unit sphere embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-05 Alfredo Alegría , Sandra Caro , Moreno Bevilacqua , Emilio Porcu , Jorge Clarke

Normalizing flows provide a general mechanism for defining expressive probability distributions, only requiring the specification of a (usually simple) base distribution and a series of bijective transformations. There has been much recent…

Covariance matrix estimation arises in multivariate problems including multivariate normal sampling models and regression models where random effects are jointly modeled, e.g. random-intercept, random-slope models. A Bayesian analysis of…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-14 Ignacio Alvarez , Jarad Niemi , Matt Simpson

For a variant of the algorithm in [Pit19] (arXiv:1903.10816) to compute the approximate density or distribution function of a linear mixture of independent random variables known by a finite sample, it is presented a proof of the functional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-19 Thomas Pitschel

When the difference between treatments in a clinical trial is estimated by a difference in means, then it is well known that randomization ensures unbiassed estimation, even if no account is taken of important baseline covariates. However,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-22 J. N. S. Matthews , Nuri H. Badi

Linearly polarized emission is described, in general, in terms of the Stokes parameters $Q$ and $U$, from which the polarization intensity and polarization angle can be determined. Although the polarization intensity and polarization angle…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 C. A. Herron , B. M. Gaensler , G. F. Lewis , N. M. McClure-Griffiths

The paper considers the distribution of a general linear combination of central and non-central chi-square random variables by exploring the branch cut regions that appear in the standard Laplace inversion process. Due to the original…

Computation · Statistics 2023-05-15 Alfred Kume , Tomonari Sei , Andrew T. A. Wood

Generalized Maxwell distribution is an extension of the classic Maxwell distribution. In this paper, we concentrate on the joint distributional asymptotics of normalized maxima and minima. Under optimal normalizing constants, asymptotic…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Jianwen Huang

This paper studies distributional model risk in marginal problems, where each marginal measure is assumed to lie in a Wasserstein ball centered at a fixed reference measure with a given radius. Theoretically, we establish several…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Yanqin Fan , Hyeonseok Park , Gaoqian Xu

Random matrix models consisting of normal matrices, defined by the sole constraint $[N^{\dag},N]=0$, will be explored. It is shown that cubic eigenvalue repulsion in the complex plane is universal with respect to the probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-28 Gary Oas

The random coefficients model $Y_i={\beta_0}_i+{\beta_1}_i {X_1}_i+{\beta_2}_i {X_2}_i+\ldots+{\beta_d}_i {X_d}_i$, with $\mathbf{X}_i$, $Y_i$, $\mathbf{\beta}_i$ i.i.d, and $\mathbf{\beta}_i$ independent of $X_i$ is often used to capture…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-17 Fabian Dunker , Emil Mendoza , Marco Reale

Extending the usual Ginzburg-Landau theory for the random-field Ising model, the possibility of dimensional reduction is reconsidered. A renormalization group for the probability distribution of magnetic impurities is applied. New…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-15 Hisamitsu Mukaida , Yoshinori Sakamoto

We present some product representations for random variables with the Linnik, Mittag-Leffler and Weibull distributions and establish the relationship between the mixing distributions in these representations. The main result is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Victor Korolev , Alexander Zeifman

This article deals with localization probability in a network of randomly distributed communication nodes contained in a bounded domain. A fraction of the nodes denoted as L-nodes are assumed to have localization information while the rest…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 F. Daneshgaran , Massimiliano Laddomada , M. Mondin

We investigate joint spectral characteristics of a family of matrices $\mathcal F $, associated with products in the semigroup generated by $\mathcal F$. In the literature, extremal measures such as the well-known joint spectral radius and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Francesco Paolo Maiale , Anastasiia Trofimova , Nicola Guglielmi