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Consider $N\times N$ hermitian or symmetric random matrices $H$ with independent entries, where the distribution of the $(i,j)$ matrix element is given by the probability measure $\nu_{ij}$ with zero expectation and with variance…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-10-27 Laszlo Erdos , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin

Motivated by the conjectures formulated in 2003 by Tun\c{c}el et al., we study interlacing properties of the eigenvalues of $A\otimes B + B\otimes A$ for pairs of $n$-by-$n$ matrices $A, B$. We prove that for every pair of symmetric…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Nargiz Kalantarova , Levent Tunçel

Consider Ginibre's ensemble of $N \times N$ non-Hermitian random matrices in which all entries are independent complex Gaussians of mean zero and variance $\frac{1}{N}$. As $N \uparrow \infty$ the normalized counting measure of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Brian Rider

The principal ratio of a connected graph $G$, $\gamma(G)$, is the ratio between the largest and smallest coordinates of the principal eigenvector of the adjacency matrix of $G$. Over all connected graphs on $n$ vertices, $\gamma(G)$ ranges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 Yueheng Zhang

Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ matrix with mutually independent centered Gaussian entries. Define \begin{align*} \sigma^*:=\max\limits_{i,j\leq n}\sqrt{{\mathbb E}\,|A_{i,j}|^2}, \quad \sigma:=\max\bigg(\max\limits_{j\leq n}\sqrt{{\mathbb…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Konstantin Tikhomirov

We consider the singular vectors of any $m \times n$ submatrix of a rectangular $M \times N$ Gaussian matrix and study their asymptotic overlaps with those of the full matrix, in the macroscopic regime where $N \,/\, M\,$, $m \,/\, M$ as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Elie Attal , Romain Allez

We consider a product of an arbitrary number of independent rectangular Gaussian random matrices. We derive the mean densities of its eigenvalues and singular values in the thermodynamic limit, eventually verified numerically. These…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-06-28 Z. Burda , A. Jarosz , G. Livan , M. A. Nowak , A. Swiech

We consider the real eigenvalues of an $(N \times N)$ real elliptic Ginibre matrix whose entries are correlated through a non-Hermiticity parameter $\tau_N\in [0,1]$. In the almost-Hermitian regime where $1-\tau_N=\Theta(N^{-1})$, we obtain…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Sung-Soo Byun , Nam-Gyu Kang , Ji Oon Lee , Jinyeop Lee

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme eigenvalues and appropriate projections of the corresponding eigenvectors of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

We study random, symmetric $N \times N$ band matrices with a band of size $W$ and Bernoulli random variables as entries. This interpolates between nearest neighbour interaction $W = 1$ and Wigner matrices $W = N$. Eigenvectors are known to…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-07 Stefan Steinerberger

We consider a class of sparse random matrices which includes the adjacency matrix of the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graph $\mathcal{G}(N,p)$. We show that if $N^{\varepsilon} \leq Np \leq N^{1/3-\varepsilon}$ then all nontrivial eigenvalues away…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Yukun He , Antti Knowles

We compute the gap probability that a circle of radius r around the origin contains exactly k complex eigenvalues. Four different ensembles of random matrices are considered: the Ginibre ensembles and their chiral complex counterparts, with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 G. Akemann , M. J. Phillips , L. Shifrin

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and let $\mu_{1}\left(G\right) \geq \cdots\geq\mu_{n}\left(G\right) $ be the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. This note studies eigenvalue problems of Nordhaus-Gaddum type. Let $\overline{G}$ be the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-25 Vladimir Nikiforov , Xiying Yuan

In this paper, we show that the largest and smallest eigenvalues of a sample correlation matrix stemming from $n$ independent observations of a $p$-dimensional time series with iid components converge almost surely to $(1+\sqrt{\gamma})^2$…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

Statistical properties of eigenvectors in non-Hermitian random matrix ensembles are discussed, with an emphasis on correlations between left and right eigenvectors. Two approaches are described. One is an exact calculation for Ginibre's…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-25 B. Mehlig , J. T. Chalker

For piecewise expanding one-dimensional maps without periodic turning points we prove that isolated eigenvalues of small (random) perturbations of these maps are close to isolated eigenvalues of the unperturbed system. (Here ``eigenvalue''…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-30 Michael Blank , Gerhard Keller

We observe that the distribution of the eigenvalues of an $N$-by-$N$ GUE random matrix is log-concave on $\mathbb{R}^N$, and that the same is true for the law of a single gap between two consecutive eigenvalues. We use this observation to…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Samuel G. G. Johnston

This work is concerned with finite range bounds on the variance of individual eigenvalues of Wigner random matrices, in the bulk and at the edge of the spectrum, as well as for some intermediate eigenvalues. Relying on the GUE example,…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-06 Sandrine Dallaporta

We study the integrable structure and scaling limits of the conditioned eigenvector overlap of the symplectic Ginibre ensemble of Gaussian non-Hermitian random matrices with independent quaternion elements. The average of the overlap matrix…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Gernot Akemann , Sung-Soo Byun , Kohei Noda

The study of eigenvalue multiplicities plays a central role in the spectral theory of signed graphs, extending several classical results from the unsigned setting. While most existing work focuses on the nullity of a signed graph (the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Monther R. Alfuraidan , Suliman Khan
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