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We present a convex relaxation-based algorithm for large-scale general phase retrieval problems. General phase retrieval problems include i.a. the estimation of the phase of the optical field in the pupil plane based on intensity…
Plastic pollution is a critical environmental issue, and detecting and monitoring plastic litter is crucial to mitigate its impact. This paper presents the methodology of mapping street-level litter, focusing primarily on plastic waste and…
Interferometric radio astronomy data require the effects of limited coverage in the Fourier plane to be accounted for via a deconvolution process. For the last 40 years this process, known as `cleaning', has been performed almost…
This review summarizes recent progress in investigating polymer systems by using Differential dynamic microscopy (DDM), a rapidly emerging approach that transforms a commercial microscope by combining real-space information with the…
Plasmonic metasurfaces enable simultaneous control of the phase, momentum, amplitude and polarisation of light and hence promise great utility in realisation of compact photonic devices. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel chip-scale…
The widespread distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the environment presents significant challenges for their detection and identification. Fluorescence imaging has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing plastic particle…
Particulate matter pollution is one of the deadliest types of air pollution worldwide due to its significant impacts on the global environment and human health. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) is one of the important particulate pollutants to…
In earthwork and construction, excavators often encounter large rocks mixed with various soil conditions, requiring skilled operators. This paper presents a framework for achieving autonomous excavation using reinforcement learning (RL)…
We study the outflow of soft particles through quasi-two-dimensional hoppers with both experiments and simulations. The experiments utilize spheres made with soft hydrogel, silicon rubber and glass. The hopper chamber has an adjustable exit…
Layer pruning has emerged as a promising technique for compressing large language models (LLMs) while achieving acceleration proportional to the pruning ratio. In this work, we identify that removing any layer induces a significant…
Doping to induce suitable impurity levels is an effective strategy to achieve highly efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS). However, to predict the position of impurity levels, it is not enough to only depend on the…
Advanced exfoliation techniques are crucial for exploring the intrinsic properties and applications of 2D materials. Though the recently discovered Au-enhanced exfoliation technique provides an effective strategy for preparation of…
The combination of high-throughput experimentation techniques and machine learning (ML) has recently ushered in a new era of accelerated material discovery, enabling the identification of materials with cutting-edge properties. However, the…
The measurement and characterization of the lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is key goal of the current and next generation of CMB experiments. We perform a case study of a three-channel balloon-borne CMB experiment…
Polymers have appealing optical, biochemical, and mechanical qualities, including broadband transparency, ease of functionalization, and biocompatibility. However, their low refractive indices have precluded wavelength-scale optical…
Photonic lantern nulling (PLN) is a method for enabling the detection and characterization of close-in exoplanets by exploiting the symmetries of the ports of a mode-selective photonic lantern (MSPL) to cancel out starlight. A six-port MSPL…
We study the permeability and selectivity (`permselectivity') of model membranes made of polydisperse polymer networks for molecular penetrant transport, using coarse-grained, implicit-solvent computer simulations. The permeability…
Anomalous surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peaks are identified for liquid sample stored in polypropylene centrifuge tubes (PP tube) for months. We observed the unexpected Raman peaks during experiments for Thiamine Hydrochloride…
Porous polymer films of Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) are synthesized by solution casting technique using gamma irradiated: (a) PEO powder (S-series) and (b) PEO - methanol solution (L-series). Pore phase forms instantaneously during…
Pruning has recently been widely adopted to reduce the parameter scale and improve the inference efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Mainstream pruning techniques often rely on uniform layerwise pruning strategies, which can lead to…