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Imaging methods based on the absorption or scattering of atmospheric muons, collectively named under the neologism "muography", exploit the abundant natural flux of muons produced from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. Recent years…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-02-18 Lorenzo Bonechi , Raffaello D'Alessandro , Andrea Giammanco

Muography is an imaging technique for large and dense structures as volcanoes or nuclear reactors using atmospheric muons. We applied this technique to the observation of the Puy de D\^ome, a volcano 2 km wide close to Clermont-Ferrand,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-06-29 Eve Le Menedeu

Muon imaging, a non-invasive technique that utilizes naturally occurring cosmic muons, has emerged as a promising tool for exploring underwater objects, including shipwrecks. This study investigates the potential of muon radiography to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-09 Anzori Sh. Georgadze

This paper presents a new method to process the data recorded with muon telescopes. We have developed this processing method for the plastic scintillator-based hodoscopes located around the volcano La Soufri\`ere de Guadeloupe, in the…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-02-23 Raphaël Bajou , Marina Rosas-Carbajal , Jacques Marteau

Cosmic ray muons enable non-invasive imaging of dense structures through multipleCoulomb scattering (MCS), with scattering angles dependent on atomic number (Z). Traditional algorithms like Point of Closest Approach (PoCA) assume single…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Reshma Ughade , Stylianos Chatzidakis

Muon tomography (MT), based on atmospheric cosmic rays, is a promising technique suitable for nondestructive imaging of the internal structures of mountains. This method uses the measured flux distribution after attenuation, combined with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-27 Bin Zhang , Zhe Wang , Shaomin Chen

The MUon RAdiography of VESuvius (MURAVES) project aims at the study of Mt. Vesuvius, an active and hazardous volcano near Naples, Italy, with the use of muons freely and abundantly produced by cosmic rays. In particular, the MURAVES…

Cosmic ray muon computed tomography ({\mu}CT) is a new imaging modality with unique characteristics that could be particularly important for diverse applications including nuclear nonproliferation, spent nuclear fuel monitoring, cargo…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-10-17 Zhengzhi Liu , Stylianos Chatzidakis , John M. Scaglione , Can Liao , Haori Yang , Jason P. Hayward

Non-destructive subsurface imaging methods based on the absorption or scattering of photons or neutrons are becoming increasingly popular in cultural asset conservation. However, these techniques are limited by physical and practical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-09-18 Marwa Moussawi , Andrea Giammanco , Vishal Kumar , Maxime Lagrange

Muon rate models play a key role in converting measured data into information on the density distributions of a target. Any given muography measurement, either in transmission or in scattering mode, requires a proper modelization of the…

Muon tomography or muography is an emerging imaging technique that uses cosmogenic muons as the radiation source. Due to its diverse range of applications and the use of natural radiation, muography is being applied across many fields such…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-02-02 R. M. I. D Gamage , S. Basnet , E. Cortina Gil , P. Demin , A. Giammanco , R. Karnam , M. Moussawi , M. Tytgat , .

When designing an experimental setup for measuring the flux of cosmic ray muons through a geological structure, it is crucial to make detailed estimates about the expected muon flux attenuation by the structure studied. In this way, the…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-02-22 J. S. Useche , C. A. Avila

The MURAVES experiment aims at the muographic imaging of the internal structure of the summit of Mt. Vesuvius, exploiting muons produced by cosmic rays. Though presently quiescent, the volcano carries a dramatic hazard in its highly…

The study of volcanic inner density distributions using cosmic muons is an innovative method, which is still in a stage of development. This technique can be used to determine the average density along the muon track, as well as the density…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-09-04 V. Grabski , F. Velázquez-Carreón , S. Aguilar , A. Menchaca-Rocha , J. Urrutia-Fucugauchi , J. Zmeskal

The MUon RAdiography of VESuvius (MURAVES) project aims at the study of the summital cone of Mt. Vesuvius, an active volcano near Naples (Italy), by measuring its density profile through muon flux attenuation. Its data, combined with those…

Cosmogenic muon-induced radioactive isotopes pose a significant background source for deep-underground low-background experiments. Although rock overburdens at underground sites substantially attenuate the cosmogenic muon flux, residual…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-03-11 Junwei Zhang , Yongpeng Zhang , Yongbo Huang , Jilei Xu , Junyou Chen , Yi Wang

In this study, we present an artificial neural network (ANN)-based approach for travel-time tomography of a volcanic edifice. We employ ray tracing to simulate the propagation of seismic waves through the heterogeneous medium of a volcanic…

Muography is an innovative imaging technique using naturally produced elementary particles -- atmospheric muons -- like the X-rays of medical imaging. The modification of the particles flux -- by scattering or absorption --, reflects the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-31 Theodore Avgitas , Jean Christophe Ianigro , Jacques Marteau

Muography is an investigation technique based on the detection of the atmospheric muon flux' modification through matter. It has found lately multiple applications in geosciences, archaelogy, and non invasive industrial controls. Mostly…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-03-04 Theodore Avgitas , Jean-Christophe Ianigro , Jacques Marteau

Recent challenges in monitoring subsurface geological repositories call for new, innovative concepts that are facility independent, cost-effective, passive, and reliable. Inspection and verification of future disposal facilities will exert…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Harish Gadey , Stylianos Chatzidakis , Abi T. Farsoni