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We obtain a new version of the Uncertainty Principle for functions with Fourier transforms supported on a lacunary set of intervals. This is a generalization of Zygmund's theorem on lacunary trigonometric series to the real line in the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. Kovrizhkin

We extend Hardy's uncertainty principle for a square integrable function and its Fourier transform to the multidimensional case using a symplectic diagonalization. We use this extension to show that Hardy's uncertainty principle is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-03-07 Maurice de Gosson , Franz Luef

Graph foundation models (GFMs) aim to reuse a single backbone across diverse graph domains, yet their transfer is often uneven and can exhibit negative transfer. While most prior work improves transfer through architectural or adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiajun Zhu , Ying Chen , Peihao Wang , Yixuan He , Pan Li , Aditya Akella , Zhangyang Wang

A standard inverse problem is to determine a source which is supported in an unknown domain $D$ from external boundary measurements. Here we consider the case of a time-dependent situation where the source is equal to unity in an unknown…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-08 William Rundell , Zhidong Zhang

We address the problem of uncertainty quantification for graph-structured data, or, more specifically, the problem to quantify the predictive uncertainty in (semi-supervised) node classification. Key questions in this regard concern the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Clemens Damke , Eyke Hüllermeier

In our recent work, the sampling and reconstruction of non-decaying signals, modeled as members of weighted-$L_p$ spaces, were shown to be stable with an appropriate choice of the generating kernel for the shift-invariant reconstruction…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Ha Q. Nguyen , Michael Unser

A spatially distributed system contains a large amount of agents with limited sensing, data processing, and communication capabilities. Recent technological advances have opened up possibilities to deploy spatially distributed systems for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Cheng Cheng , Yingchun Jiang , Qiyu Sun

Recovery of signals with elements defined on the nodes of a graph, from compressive measurements is an important problem, which can arise in various domains such as sensor networks, image reconstruction and group testing. In some scenarios,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Sabyasachi Ghosh , Ajit Rajwade

The uncertainty product of a function is a quantity that measures the trade-off between the space and the frequency localization of the function. Its boundedness from below is the content of various uncertainty principles. In the present…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-06-22 Ilona Iglewska-Nowak

Sampling of signals defined over the nodes of a graph is one of the crucial problems in graph signal processing. While in classical signal processing sampling is a well defined operation, when we consider a graph signal many new challenges…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Diego Valsesia , Giulia Fracastoro , Enrico Magli

A generalisation of Takens' delay-coordinate embedding theorem to stochastic systems, the Stochastic Embedding Sufficiency Theorem, is an inverse methodology enabling non-parametric recovery of both drift and diffusion fields from scalar…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Carolina Garcia , Lucía Perea Durán , Agnese Venezia , Alex Conradie

Neural networks make accurate predictions but often fail to provide reliable uncertainty estimates, especially under covariate distribution shifts between training and testing. To address this problem, we propose a Bayesian framework for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-22 Yuli Slavutsky , David M. Blei

A central problem in signal processing and communications is to design signals that are compact both in time and frequency. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states that a given function cannot be arbitrarily compact both in time and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Reza Parhizkar , Yann Barbotin , Martin Vetterli

Motivated by results of Dyatlov on Fourier uncertainty principles for Cantor sets and by similar results of Knutsen for joint time-frequency representations (i.e., the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) with a Gaussian window, equivalent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Luis Daniel Abreu , Zouhair Mouayn , Felix Voigtlaender

Multivariate signals, which are measured simultaneously over time and acquired by sensor networks, are becoming increasingly common. The emerging field of graph signal processing (GSP) promises to analyse spectral characteristics of these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-10 Stephan Goerttler , Fei He , Min Wu

Spectral graph convolutional networks are generalizations of standard convolutional networks for graph-structured data using the Laplacian operator. A common misconception is the instability of spectral filters, i.e. the impossibility to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Axel Nilsson , Xavier Bresson

Incorporating domain knowledge into the modeling process is an effective way to improve learning accuracy. However, as it is provided by humans, domain knowledge can only be specified with some degree of uncertainty. We propose to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-05-14 Yi Mao , Guy Lebanon

This paper addresses a factorization method for imaging the support of a wave-number-dependent source function from multi-frequency data measured at a finite pair of symmetric receivers in opposite directions. The source function is given…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Hongxia Guo , Guanghui Hu , Guanqiu Ma

We develop new discrete uncertainty principles in terms of numerical sparsity, which is a continuous proxy for the 0-norm. Unlike traditional sparsity, the continuity of numerical sparsity naturally accommodates functions which are nearly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Afonso S. Bandeira , Megan E. Lewis , Dustin G. Mixon

Graph signal processing analyzes signals supported on the nodes of a graph by defining the shift operator in terms of a matrix, such as the graph adjacency matrix or Laplacian matrix, related to the structure of the graph. With respect to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-01 Stephen Kruzick , José M. F. Moura