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We revisit the reference determinacy (RD) assumption in the task of natural language inference (NLI), i.e., the premise and hypothesis are assumed to refer to the same context when human raters annotate a label. While RD is a practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sihao Chen , Chaitanya Malaviya , Alex Fabrikant , Hagai Taitelbaum , Tal Schuster , Senaka Buthpitiya , Dan Roth

Recent work in NLP shows that LSTM language models capture compositional structure in language data. For a closer look at how these representations are composed hierarchically, we present a novel measure of interdependence between word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Naomi Saphra , Adam Lopez

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is a hot topic research in natural language processing, contradiction detection between sentences is a special case of NLI. This is considered a difficult NLP task which has a big influence when added as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Khloud Al Jallad , Nada Ghneim

The task of scientific Natural Language Inference (NLI) involves predicting the semantic relation between two sentences extracted from research articles. This task was recently proposed along with a new dataset called SciNLI derived from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Mobashir Sadat , Cornelia Caragea

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is fundamental to many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications including semantic search and question answering. The NLI problem has gained significant attention thanks to the release of large scale,…

Evaluating answers from state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) is challenging: lexical metrics miss semantic nuances, whereas "LLM-as-Judge" scoring is computationally expensive. We re-evaluate a lightweight alternative --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sai Shridhar Balamurali , Lu Cheng

The task of Natural Language Inference (NLI) is widely modeled as supervised sentence pair classification. While there has been a lot of work recently on generating explanations of the predictions of classifiers on a single piece of text,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 James Thorne , Andreas Vlachos , Christos Christodoulopoulos , Arpit Mittal

An interesting line of research in natural language processing (NLP) aims to incorporate linguistic typology to bridge linguistic diversity and assist the research of low-resource languages. While most works construct linguistic similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Haotian Ye , Yihong Liu , Hinrich Schütze

Over the last few years natural language interfaces (NLI) for databases have gained significant traction both in academia and industry. These systems use very different approaches as described in recent survey papers. However, these systems…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Katrin Affolter , Kurt Stockinger , Abraham Bernstein

Natural Language Inference (NLI) task requires an agent to determine the logical relationship between a natural language premise and a natural language hypothesis. We introduce Interactive Inference Network (IIN), a novel class of neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Yichen Gong , Heng Luo , Jian Zhang

Categorical compositional distributional semantics is a model of natural language; it combines the statistical vector space models of words with the compositional models of grammar. We formalise in this model the generalised quantifier…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Jules Hedges , Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on enormous amounts of data and encode knowledge in their parameters. We propose a pipeline to elicit causal relationships from LLMs. Specifically, (i) we sample many documents from LLMs on a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Takashi Kameyama , Masahiro Kato , Yasuko Hio , Yasushi Takano , Naoto Minakawa

Large language models are a form of artificial intelligence systems whose primary knowledge consists of the statistical patterns, semantic relationships, and syntactical structures of language1. Despite their limited forms of "knowledge",…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Jiaxin Ju , Anh T. N. Nguyen , Lauren T. May , Geoffrey I. Webb , Shirui Pan

Paraphrasing is a useful natural language processing task that can contribute to more diverse generated or translated texts. Natural language inference (NLI) and paraphrasing share some similarities and can benefit from a joint approach. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Matej Klemen , Marko Robnik-Šikonja

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is a cornerstone of Natural Language Processing (NLP), providing insights into the entailment relationships between text pairings. It is a critical component of Natural Language Understanding (NLU),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Fatema Tuj Johora Faria , Mukaffi Bin Moin , Asif Iftekher Fahim , Pronay Debnath , Faisal Muhammad Shah

Logical inference algorithms for conditional independence (CI) statements have important applications from testing consistency during knowledge elicitation to constraintbased structure learning of graphical models. We prove that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-14 Mathias Niepert

The ability to perform causal reasoning is widely considered a core feature of intelligence. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can coherently reason about causality. Much of the existing work in natural…

Negation is poorly captured by current language models, although the extent of this problem is not widely understood. We introduce a natural language inference (NLI) test suite to enable probing the capabilities of NLP methods, with the aim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Thinh Hung Truong , Yulia Otmakhova , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn , Jey Han Lau , Karin Verspoor

This paper presents a new deep learning architecture for Natural Language Inference (NLI). Firstly, we introduce a new architecture where alignment pairs are compared, compressed and then propagated to upper layers for enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Yi Tay , Luu Anh Tuan , Siu Cheung Hui

Although pre-trained language models show good performance on various natural language processing tasks, they often rely on non-causal features and patterns to determine the outcome. For natural language inference tasks, previous results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Heerin Yang , Sseung-won Hwang , Jungmin So