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The complicated dynamics of the contact line of a moving droplet on a solid substrate often hamper the efficient modeling of microfluidic systems. In particular, the selection of the effective boundary conditions, specifying the contact…

The conventional no-slip boundary condition leads to a non-integrable stress singularity at a moving contact line. This makes numerical simulations challenging, especially when capillary effects are essential for the dynamics of the flow.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-18 Hanna Holmgren , Gunilla Kreiss

We show how dynamical equations for liquid films and drops on uneven surfaces, including contact line dynamics and evaporation/condensation effects, may be formulated as a variational dynamics, generated via Onsager's variational principle.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-15 Gyula I Tóth , David N Sibley , Agnes J Bokányi-Tóth , Dmitri Tseluiko , Andrew J Archer

A mathematically challenging model of dynamic wetting as a process of interface formation has been, for the first time, fully incorporated into a numerical code based on the finite element method and applied, as a test case, to the problem…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-04 James Sprittles , Yulii Shikhmurzaev

We consider a toy model of rate independent droplet motion on a surface with contact angle hysteresis based on the one-phase Bernoulli free boundary problem. We introduce a notion of solutions based on an obstacle problem. These solutions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-10-10 William M Feldman , Inwon C Kim , Norbert Požár

We present an hybrid VOF/embedded boundary method allowing to model two-phase flows in presence of solids with arbitrary shapes. The method relies on the coupling of existing methods: a geometric Volume of fluid (VOF) method to tackle the…

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of an incompressible viscous Navier-Stokes fluid evolving above a one-dimensional flat surface. The fluid is subject to a uniform gravitational field and capillary forces acting along the free…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Xiaoding Yang

We study the dynamics of a droplet moving on an inclined rough surface in the absence of inertial and viscous stress effects. In this case, the dynamics of the droplet is a purely geometric motion in terms of the wetting domain and the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Yuan Gao , Jian-Guo Liu

By solving the Young Laplace equation of capillary hydrostatics one can accurately determine equilibrium shapes of droplets on relatively smooth solid surfaces. The solution, however of the Young Laplace equation becomes tricky when a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-06-05 Nikolaos T. Chamakos , Michail E. Kavousanakis , Athanasios G. Papathanasiou

A new method is proposed to numerically integrate a dynamical system on a manifold such that the trajectory stably remains on the manifold and preserves first integrals of the system. The idea is that given an initial point in the manifold…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Dong Eui Chang , Fernando Jimenez , Matthew Perlmutter

The chemical step is an elementary pattern in chemically heterogeneous substrates, featuring two regions of different wettability separated by a sharp border. Within the framework of lubrication theory, we investigate droplet motion and the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-24 Zhuo Long , Peng Gao

We develop a mesoscale computational model to describe the interaction of a droplet with a solid. The model is based on the hybrid combination of the immersed boundary and the lattice Boltzmann computational schemes: the former is used to…

Many multiphase fluid systems, such as those involving immiscible polymers or liquid-liquid systems with surfactants, have shown a breakdown of the no-slip condition at the material interface. This results in systems where the tangential…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-05 Afsoun Rahnama Falavarjani , David Salac

This paper explores the friction forces encountered by droplets on non-wetting surfaces, specifically focusing on superhydrophobic and superheated substrates. Employing a combination of experimental techniques, including inclined plane…

We derive effective equations of motion governing the dynamics of sharp interfaces in phase-separated binary mixtures driven by spatio-temporal modulations of their material properties. We demonstrate, in particular, that spatial…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-25 Jacopo Romano , Ramin Golestanian , Benoît Mahault

Droplet mobility under shear flows is important in a wide range of engineering applications, e.g., fog collection, and self-cleaning surfaces. For structured surfaces to achieve superhydrophobicity, the removal of stains adhered within the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-02 Si Suo , Haibo Zhao , Shervin Bagheri , Peng Yu , Yixiang Gan

We propose an efficient numerical method for the simulation of multi-phase flows with moving contact lines in three dimensions. The mathematical model consists of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for the two immiscible fluids with…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-08 Quan Zhao , Shixin Xu , Weiqing Ren

By using the Onsager variational principle as an approximation tool, we develop a new diffusion generated motion method for wetting problems. The method uses a signed distance function to represent the interface between the liquid and vapor…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Song Lu , Xianmin Xu

A hybrid sharp-interface immersed-boundary/front-tracking (IB/FT) method is developed for interface-resolved simulation of evaporating droplets in incompressible multiphase flows. A one-field formulation is used to solve the flow, species…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-30 Faraz Salimnezhad , Hasret Turkeri , Iskender Gokalp , Metin Muradoglu

We study spreading of a droplet, with insoluble surfactant covering its capillary surface, on a textured substrate. In this process, the surfactant-dependent surface tension dominates the behaviors of the whole dynamics, particularly the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-08 Yuan Gao , Jian-Guo Liu
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