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We discuss various features of the trajectories of spider monkeys looking for food in a tropical forest, as observed recently in an extensive {\it in situ} study. Some of the features observed can be interpreted as the result of social…
The Annulated Treeboa (Corallus annulatus) is one of nine currently recognized species in the boid genus Corallus. Its disjunct range extends from eastern Guatemala into northern Honduras, southeastern Nicaragua, northeastern Costa Rica,…
Herbivorous wild species constantly strive to optimize the trade-off between energy and nutrient intake and predation risk during foraging. This has led to the selection of several evolutionary traits -- such as diet, habitat selection, and…
Mixed-species associations are temporary associations between individuals of different species that are often observed in birds, primates and cetaceans. They have been interpreted as a strategy to reduce predation risk, enhance foraging…
A novel population-based optimization method is proposed in this paper, the Calico Salmon Migration Algorithm (CSMA), which is inspired by the natural behavior of calico salmon during their migration for mating. The CSMA optimization…
Animal locomotion is often subject to constraints arising from anatomical/physiological asymmetries. We use the nematode C.~elegans as a minimal model system to ask whether such constraints might shape locomotion patterns optimized during…
Bushmeat hunters on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea use shotguns and snares to capture wild arboreal and ground animals for sale in the Malabo Bushmeat market. Two tools for the analysis of economic efficiency, the production possibilities…
Plankton constitutes the productive base of aquatic ecosystems and plays an essential role in the global carbon cycle. The impact of hydrodynamic conditions on the biological activity of plankton species can manifest in a variety of…
We explore the complex dynamical behavior of simple predator-prey models of biological coevolution that account for interspecific and intraspecific competition for resources, as well as adaptive foraging behavior. In long kinetic Monte…
Individuals traversing challenging obstacles are faced with a decision: they can adopt traversal strategies that minimally disrupt their normal locomotion patterns or they can adopt strategies that substantially alter their gait, conferring…
Evolutionary hypotheses to explain the greater numbers of species in the tropics than the temperate zone include greater age and area, higher temperature and metabolic rates, and greater ecological opportunity. These ideas make contrasting…
Abrupt changes in behavior can often be associated with changes in underlying behavioral states. When placed off food, the foraging behavior of C. elegans can be described as a change between an initial local-search behavior characterized…
Movement is a fundamental behaviour of organisms that brings about beneficial encounters with resources and mates, but at the same time exposes the organism to dangerous encounters with predators. The movement patterns adopted by organisms…
The dataset collected at the Cape Rodney-Okakari Point Marine (CR-OPM) reserve on the North Island of New Zealand is rather unique. It describes the cyclic time evolution of a rocky intertidal community, with the relative abundances of the…
We study a non-Markovian and nonstationary model of animal mobility incorporating both exploration and memory in the form of preferential returns. We derive exact results for the probability of visiting a given number of sites and develop a…
We construct two ordinary-differential-equation models of a predator feeding adaptively on two prey types, and we evaluate the models' ability to fit data on freshwater plankton. We model the predator's switch from one prey to the other in…
Animals have evolved distinctive survival strategies in response to constant selective pressure. In this review, we highlight how animals exploit complex flow phenomena by manipulating their habitat or by producing complex fluids. In…
In ecology, prey switching refers to a predator's adaptive change of habitat or diet in response to prey abundance. In this paper, we study piecewise-smooth models of predator-prey interactions with a linear trade-off in a predator's prey…
The diversity of the arthropod fauna from the pacific coast in southern Mexico was investigated in order to study and compare the biodiversity of two different regions. One is located within the Biosphere reserve "La encrucijada" and the…
We consider a random walk with transition probabilities weakly dependent on an environment with a deterministic, but strongly chaotic, evolution. We prove that for almost all initial conditions of the environment the walk satisfies the CLT.