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Quadratic optical parametric processes form the foundation for a variety of applications related to classical and quantum frequency conversion, which have attracted significant interest recently in on-chip implementation. These processes…

Optics · Physics 2018-09-19 Rui Luo , Yang He , Hanxiao Liang , Mingxiao Li , Qiang Lin

Second-order nonlinearity gives rise to many distinctive physical phenomena, e.g., second-harmonic generation, which plays an important role in fundamental science and various applications. Lithium niobate, one of the most widely used…

Integrated photon-pair sources are crucial for scalable photonic quantum systems. Thin-film lithium niobate is a promising platform for on-chip photon-pair generation through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). However, the…

Encoding information onto optical fields is the backbone of modern telecommunication networks. Optical fibers offer low loss transport and vast bandwidth compared to electrical cables, and are currently also replacing coaxial cables for…

Lithium-Niobate-On-Insulator (LNOI) is emerging as a promising platform for integrated quantum photonic technologies because of its high second-order nonlinearity and compact waveguide footprint. Importantly, LNOI allows for creating…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a fundamental tool in modern laser technology, enabling coherent frequency conversion to remote optical bands, serving as the basis for self-referenced femtosecond lasers and quadrature-squeezed light…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-10 Nikolai Kuznetsov , Zihan Li , Tobias J. Kippenberg

We carried out second-harmonic generation in quasi-phase-matched \alpha-phase lithium niobate channel waveguides realized by proton exchange and surface periodic poling. Owing to a limited ferroelectric domain depth, we could observe the…

Integrated photonic coherent light sources capable of generating emission with broad spectral coverage and ultrashort pulse durations are critical for both fundamental science and emerging technologies. In this Perspective, we start by…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-11 Meng Tian , Guanyu Han , Ziyao Feng , Yu Liu , Yu Wang , Wenjun Deng , Ayed Al Sayem , Qiushi Guo

Integrated quantum photonics provides a scalable platform for the generation, manipulation, and detection of optical quantum states by confining light inside miniaturized waveguide circuits. Here we show the generation, manipulation, and…

Thin-film lithium niobate on insulator~(LNOI) emerges as a promising platform for integrated quantum photon source, enabling scalable on-chip quantum information processing. The most popular technique to overcome the phase mismatching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Xiao-Xu Fang , Hao-Yang Du , Xiuquan Zhang , Lei Wang , Feng Chen , He Lu

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a coherent nonlinear phenomenon that plays an important role in laser color conversion. Lithium niobate (LN), which features both a large band gap and outstanding second-order nonlinearities, acts as an…

Integrated circuit technology enables the scaling of circuit complexity and functionality while maintaining manufacturability and reliability. Integration is expected to play an important role in quantum information technologies, including…

Much progress, both experimentally and theoretically, has recently been made towards optical frequency comb generation from continuously pumped second-order nonlinear systems. Here, we present the first observations towards finding an…

This work reports the first study of periodically poled piezoelectric film (P3F) lithium niobate (LiNbO3) resonators at cryogenic temperatures. We experimentally investigate the temperature dependency of resonant frequencies and quality…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Jack Kramer , Omar Barrera , Sinwoo Cho , Vakhtang Chulukhadze , Tzu-Hsuan Hsu , Ruochen Lu

Quantum networks are likely to have a profound impact on the way we compute and communicate in the future. In order to wire together superconducting quantum processors over kilometer-scale distances, we need transducers that can generate…

Integrated waveguides exhibiting efficient second-order nonlinearities are crucial to obtain compact and low power optical signal processing devices. Silicon nitride (SiN) has shown second harmonic generation (SHG) capabilities in resonant…

Thin-film lithium tantalate (TFLT) has recently emerged as a promising photonic platform for chip-scale nonlinear optics due to its weaker photorefraction, higher optical damage threshold, broader transparency window, and lower…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-07 Simin Yu , Mingyue Qi , Huizong Zhu , Bofu Zhao , Jingchun Qian , Qiushi Chen , Juanjuan Lu

In this paper, we address the issue of the generation of non-degenerate cross-polarization-entangled photon pairs using type-II periodically poled lithium niobate. We show that, by an appropriate engineering of the quasi-phase-matching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-10 K. Thyagarajan , K. Sinha , J. Lugani , S. Ghosh , A. Martin , D. B. Ostrowsky , O. Alibart , S. Tanzilli

The quantum noise of light fundamentally limits optical phase sensors. A semiclassical picture attributes this noise to the random arrival time of photons from a coherent light source such as a laser. An engineered source of squeezed states…

We demonstrate second order optical nonlinearity in aluminum nitride on insulator substrates. Using sputter-deposited aluminum nitride thin films we realize nanophotonic waveguides coupled to micro-ring resonators that simultaneously…

Optics · Physics 2012-06-13 W. H. P. Pernice , C. Xiong , C. Schuck , H. X. Tang