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With growing complexity and criticality of automated driving functions in road traffic and their operational design domains (ODD), there is increasing demand for covering significant proportions of development, validation, and verification…

In order for autonomous vehicles to become a part of the Intelligent Transportation Ecosystem, they are required to guarantee a particular level of safety. For that to happen a safe vehicle control algorithms need to be developed, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Vladislav Kibalov , Oleg Shipitko

Autonomous Cyber-Physical Systems must often operate under uncertainties like sensor degradation and shifts in the operating conditions, which increases its operational risk. Dynamic Assurance of these systems requires designing runtime…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Shreyas Ramakrishna , Baiting Luo , Yogesh Barve , Gabor Karsai , Abhishek Dubey

Autonomous systems such as self-driving cars rely on sensors to perceive the surrounding world. Measures must be taken against attacks on sensors, which have been a hot topic in the last few years. For that goal one must first evaluate how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Koichi Shimizu , Daisuke Suzuki , Ryo Muramatsu , Hisashi Mori , Tomoyuki Nagatsuka , Tsutomu Matsumoto

Scenario-based testing has emerged as a common method for autonomous vehicles (AVs) safety assessment, offering a more efficient alternative to mile-based testing by focusing on high-risk scenarios. However, fundamental questions persist…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xingyu Zhao , Robab Aghazadeh-Chakherlou , Chih-Hong Cheng , Peter Popov , Lorenzo Strigini

We introduce a counting process to model the random occurrence in time of car traffic accidents, taking into account some aspects of the self-excitation typical of this phenomenon. By combining methods from probability and differential…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-19 Simone Göttlich , Thomas Schillinger , Andrea Tosin

Proprietary Autonomous Driving Systems are typically evaluated through disengagements, unplanned manual interventions to alter vehicle behavior, as annually reported by the California Department of Motor Vehicles. However, the real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Marvin Seegert , Christian Oefinger , Korbinian Moller , Christoph Bank , Johannes Betz

The development of self-driving cars has garnered significant attention from researchers, universities, and industries worldwide. Autonomous vehicles integrate numerous subsystems, including lane tracking, object detection, and vehicle…

Accident detection and traffic analysis is a critical component of smart city and autonomous transportation systems that can reduce accident frequency, severity and improve overall traffic management. This paper presents a comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Victor Adewopo , Nelly Elsayed , Zag Elsayed , Murat Ozer , Victoria Wangia-Anderson , Ahmed Abdelgawad

Autonomous vehicle safety is crucial for the successful deployment of self-driving cars. However, most existing planning methods rely heavily on imitation learning, which limits their ability to leverage collision data effectively.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Zi Wang , Shiyi Lan , Xinglong Sun , Nadine Chang , Zhenxin Li , Zhiding Yu , Jose M. Alvarez

Pedestrians' safety is a crucial factor in assessing autonomous driving scenarios. However, pedestrian safety evaluation is rarely considered by existing autonomous driving simulation platforms. This paper proposes a pedestrian safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Lin Ma , Longrui Chen , Yan Zhang , Mengdi Chu , Wenjie Jiang , Jiahao Shen , Chuxuan Li , Yifeng Shi , Nairui Luo , Jirui Yuan , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

Recently significant progress has been made in vehicle prediction and planning algorithms for autonomous driving. However, it remains quite challenging for an autonomous vehicle to plan its trajectory in complex scenarios when it is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Xiangguo Liu , Ruochen Jiao , Yixuan Wang , Yimin Han , Bowen Zheng , Qi Zhu

Testing autonomous driving systems for safety and reliability is extremely complex. A primary challenge is identifying the relevant test scenarios, especially the critical ones that may expose hazards or risks of harm to autonomous vehicles…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Qunying Song , Emelie Engström , Per Runeson

Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe, comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Ekim Yurtsever , Jacob Lambert , Alexander Carballo , Kazuya Takeda

Autonomous driving vehicles provide a vast potential for realizing use cases in the on-road and off-road domains. Consequently, remarkable solutions exist to autonomous systems' environmental perception and control. Nevertheless, proof of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Patrick Wolf

There is an urgent societal need to assess whether autonomous vehicles (AVs) are safe enough. From published quantitative safety and reliability assessments of AVs, we know that, given the goal of predicting very low rates of accidents,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Xingyu Zhao , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Kizito Salako , Lorenzo Strigini

In the context of autonomous vehicles, one of the most crucial tasks is to estimate the risk of the undertaken action. While navigating in complex urban environments, the Bayesian occupancy grid is one of the most popular types of maps,…

For an autonomous vehicle to operate reliably within real-world traffic scenarios, it is imperative to assess the repercussions of its prospective actions by anticipating the uncertain intentions exhibited by other participants in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Khaled A. Mustafa , Daniel Jarne Ornia , Jens Kober , Javier Alonso-Mora

Developing safety and efficiency applications for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) require a great deal of testing and evaluation. The need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Ahura Jami , Mahdi Razzaghpour , Hussein Alnuweiri , Yaser P. Fallah

Recent developments have made autonomous vehicles (AVs) closer to hitting our roads. However, their security is still a major concern among drivers as well as manufacturers. Although some work has been done to identify threats and possible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Ali Behfarnia , Ali Eslami