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Batch Normalization (BN) has become an essential technique in contemporary neural network design, enhancing training stability. Specifically, BN employs centering and scaling operations to standardize features along the batch dimension and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Shaobo Wang , Xiangdong Zhang , Dongrui Liu , Junchi Yan

Batch normalization (BN) is a key facilitator and considered essential for state-of-the-art binary neural networks (BNN). However, the BN layer is costly to calculate and is typically implemented with non-binary parameters, leaving a hurdle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Tianlong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Xu Ouyang , Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Zhangyang Wang

Batch normalization (BN) has become a de facto standard for training deep convolutional networks. However, BN accounts for a significant fraction of training run-time and is difficult to accelerate, since it is a memory-bandwidth bounded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Igor Gitman , Boris Ginsburg

Training state-of-the-art, deep neural networks is computationally expensive. One way to reduce the training time is to normalize the activities of the neurons. A recently introduced technique called batch normalization uses the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-22 Jimmy Lei Ba , Jamie Ryan Kiros , Geoffrey E. Hinton

The recognition ability of human beings is developed in a progressive way. Usually, children learn to discriminate various objects from coarse to fine-grained with limited supervision. Inspired by this learning process, we propose a simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Huaxi Huang , Junjie Zhang , Jian Zhang , Qiang Wu , Jingsong Xu

Batch Normalization (BN) is an important preprocessing step to many deep learning applications. Since it is a data-dependent process, for some homogeneous datasets it is a redundant or even a performance-degrading process. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Wael Alsobhi , Tarik Alafif , Alaa Abdel-Hakim , Weiwei Zong

This paper has proposed a new baseline deep learning model of more benefits for image classification. Different from the convolutional neural network(CNN) practice where filters are trained by back propagation to represent different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Yifei Li , Kuangyan Song , Yiming Sun , Liao Zhu

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

Batch normalization (BN) is comprised of a normalization component followed by an affine transformation and has become essential for training deep neural networks. Standard initialization of each BN in a network sets the affine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Jim Davis , Logan Frank

Batch Normalization (BN)(Ioffe and Szegedy 2015) normalizes the features of an input image via statistics of a batch of images and hence BN will bring the noise to the gradient of the training loss. Previous works indicate that the noise is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Senwei Liang , Zhongzhan Huang , Mingfu Liang , Haizhao Yang

Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) use low bit-width fixed-point numbers for representing weight parameters and activations, and are often used in real-world applications due to their saving of computation resources and reproducibility of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Dachao Lin , Peiqin Sun , Guangzeng Xie , Shuchang Zhou , Zhihua Zhang

Batch normalization was introduced in 2015 to speed up training of deep convolution networks by normalizing the activations across the current batch to have zero mean and unity variance. The results presented here show an interesting aspect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Mohamed Hajaj , Duncan Gillies

In real-world scenarios, the number of training samples across classes usually subjects to a long-tailed distribution. The conventionally trained network may achieve unexpected inferior performance on the rare class compared to the frequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuxiang Bao , Guoliang Kang , Linlin Yang , Xiaoyue Duan , Bo Zhao , Baochang Zhang

Batch normalization is a key component of most image classification models, but it has many undesirable properties stemming from its dependence on the batch size and interactions between examples. Although recent work has succeeded in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Andrew Brock , Soham De , Samuel L. Smith , Karen Simonyan

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are powerful models for sequential data that have the potential to learn long-term dependencies. However, they are computationally expensive to train and difficult to parallelize. Recent work has shown that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-07 César Laurent , Gabriel Pereyra , Philémon Brakel , Ying Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

Deep learning has been widely used in data-intensive applications. However, training a deep neural network often requires a large data set. When there is not enough data available for training, the performance of deep learning models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Peng Peng , Jiugen Wang

The emerging paradigm of federated learning (FL) strives to enable collaborative training of deep models on the network edge without centrally aggregating raw data and hence improving data privacy. In most cases, the assumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Xiaoxiao Li , Meirui Jiang , Xiaofei Zhang , Michael Kamp , Qi Dou

Finetuning a pretrained model has become a standard approach for training neural networks on novel tasks, resulting in fast convergence and improved performance. In this work, we study an alternative finetuning method, where instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Gal Kaplun , Andrey Gurevich , Tal Swisa , Mazor David , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Eran Malach

Batch Normalization (BN) improves both convergence and generalization in training neural networks. This work understands these phenomena theoretically. We analyze BN by using a basic block of neural networks, consisting of a kernel layer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Ping Luo , Xinjiang Wang , Wenqi Shao , Zhanglin Peng

Batch normalization is widely used in deep learning to normalize intermediate activations. Deep networks suffer from notoriously increased training complexity, mandating careful initialization of weights, requiring lower learning rates,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-19 Lakshmi Annamalai , Chetan Singh Thakur