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Autonomous vehicles require precise knowledge of their position and orientation in all weather and traffic conditions for path planning, perception, control, and general safe operation. Here we derive these requirements for autonomous…

Robust and accurate localization is an essential component for robotic navigation and autonomous driving. The use of cameras for localization with high definition map (HD Map) provides an affordable localization sensor set. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Chengcheng Guo , Minjie Lin , Heyang Guo , Pengpeng Liang , Erkang Cheng

Reliable offroad autonomy requires low-latency, high-accuracy state estimates of pose as well as velocity, which remain viable throughout environments with sub-optimal operating conditions for the utilized perception modalities. As state…

Global navigation satellite systems readily provide accurate position information when localizing a robot outdoors. However, an analogous standard solution does not exist yet for mobile robots operating indoors. This paper presents an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xibo Li , Shruti Patel , David Stronzek-Pfeifer , Christof Büskens

Accurate pose estimation is a fundamental ability that all mobile robots must posses in order to traverse robustly in a given environment. Much like a human, this ability is dependent on the robot's understanding of a given scene. For…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Stephen Ninan , Sivakumar Rathinam

Deployment of automated ground vehicles beyond the confines of sunny and dry climes will require sub-lane-level positioning techniques based on radio waves rather than near-visible-light radiation. Like human sight, lidar and cameras…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-19 Lakshay Narula , Peter A. Iannucci , Todd E. Humphreys

One of the hardest challenges to face in the development of a non GPS-based localization system for autonomous vehicles is the changes of the environment. LiDAR-based systems typically try to match the last measurements obtained with a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Salvador Dominguez , Gaëtan Garcia , Vincent Frémont , Arnaud Hamon

Connected and cooperative driving requires precise calibration of the roadside infrastructure for having a reliable perception system. To solve this requirement in an automated manner, we present a robust extrinsic calibration method for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Alexander Tsaregorodtsev , Adrian Holzbock , Jan Strohbeck , Michael Buchholz , Vasileios Belagiannis

Understanding terrain topology at long-range is crucial for the success of off-road robotic missions, especially when navigating at high-speeds. LiDAR sensors, which are currently heavily relied upon for geometric mapping, provide sparse…

LiDAR-based place recognition (LPR) plays a pivotal role in autonomous driving, which assists Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems in reducing accumulated errors and achieving reliable localization. However, existing reviews…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Yongjun Zhang , Pengcheng Shi , Jiayuan Li

LiDAR-based localization and mapping is one of the core components in many modern robotic systems due to the direct integration of range and geometry, allowing for precise motion estimation and generation of high quality maps in real-time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Julian Nubert , Etienne Walther , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

This paper presents a prediction algorithm that estimates the vehicle trajectory every five milliseconds for an autonomous vehicle. A kinematic and a dynamic bicycle model are compared, with the dynamic model exhibiting superior accuracy at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Marco Leon Rapp

Autonomous navigation at high speeds in off-road environments necessitates robots to comprehensively understand their surroundings using onboard sensing only. The extreme conditions posed by the off-road setting can cause degraded camera…

Detecting vehicles with strong robustness and high efficiency has become one of the key capabilities of fully autonomous driving cars. This topic has already been widely studied by GPU-accelerated deep learning approaches using image…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Sanqing Qu , Guang Chen , Canbo Ye , Fan Lu , Fa Wang , Zhongcong Xu , Yixin Ge

Using different sensors in an autonomous vehicle (AV) can provide multiple constraints to optimize AV location estimation. In this paper, we present a low-cost GPS-assisted LiDAR state estimation system for AVs. Firstly, we utilize LiDAR to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Linwei Zheng , Yilong Zhu , Bohuan Xue , Ming Liu , Rui Fan

Future Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV), and more generally ITS, will form a highly interconnected system. Such a paradigm is referred to as the Internet of Vehicles (herein Internet of CAVs) and is a prerequisite to orchestrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Xiaoyang Wang , Ioannis Mavromatis , Andrea Tassi , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Robert J. Piechocki

Accurate and reliable sensor calibration is critical for fusing LiDAR and inertial measurements in autonomous driving. This paper proposes a novel three-stage extrinsic calibration method between LiDAR and GNSS/INS for autonomous driving.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Guohang Yan , Jiahao Pi , Chengjie Wang , Xinyu Cai , Yikang Li

This work aims to present a three-dimensional vehicle dynamics state estimation under varying signal quality. Few researchers have investigated the impact of three-dimensional road geometries on the state estimation and, thus, neglect road…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Sven Goblirsch , Marcel Weinmann , Johannes Betz

Vehicle pose estimation with LiDAR is essential in the perception technology of autonomous driving. However, due to incomplete observation measurements and sparsity of the LiDAR point cloud, it is challenging to achieve satisfactory pose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ningning Ding

The use of infrastructure sensor technology for traffic detection has already been proven several times. However, extrinsic sensor calibration is still a challenge for the operator. While previous approaches are unable to calibrate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Laurent Kloeker , Christian Kotulla , Lutz Eckstein