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The vast majority of successful deep neural networks are trained using variants of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms. Recent attempts to improve SGD can be broadly categorized into two approaches: (1) adaptive learning rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Michael R. Zhang , James Lucas , Geoffrey Hinton , Jimmy Ba

The ability to train large-scale neural networks has resulted in state-of-the-art performance in many areas of computer vision. These results have largely come from computational break throughs of two forms: model parallelism, e.g. GPU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-12-24 Thomas Paine , Hailin Jin , Jianchao Yang , Zhe Lin , Thomas Huang

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a well known method for regression and classification tasks. However, it is an inherently sequential algorithm at each step, the processing of the current example depends on the parameters learned from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Saeed Maleki , Madanlal Musuvathi , Todd Mytkowicz

Variance reduction (VR) techniques for convergence rate acceleration of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm have been developed with great efforts recently. VR's two variants, stochastic variance-reduced-gradient (SVRG-SGD) and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Fei Wang , Jun Ye , Weichen Li , Guihai Chen

One of the most common methods to train machine learning algorithms today is the stochastic gradient descent (SGD). In a distributed setting, SGD-based algorithms have been shown to converge theoretically under specific circumstances. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Soumya Sarkar , Shweta Jain

SGD (Stochastic Gradient Descent) is a popular algorithm for large scale optimization problems due to its low iterative cost. However, SGD can not achieve linear convergence rate as FGD (Full Gradient Descent) because of the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Aixiang Chen , Bingchuan Chen , Xiaolong Chai , Rui Bian , Hengguang Li

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the workhorse algorithm of deep learning technology. At each step of the training phase, a mini batch of samples is drawn from the training dataset and the weights of the neural network are adjusted…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-09-07 Francesca Mignacco , Pierfrancesco Urbani

Deep learning thrives with large neural networks and large datasets. However, larger networks and larger datasets result in longer training times that impede research and development progress. Distributed synchronous SGD offers a potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Priya Goyal , Piotr Dollár , Ross Girshick , Pieter Noordhuis , Lukasz Wesolowski , Aapo Kyrola , Andrew Tulloch , Yangqing Jia , Kaiming He

Training deep neural network is a high dimensional and a highly non-convex optimization problem. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and it's variations are the current state-of-the-art solvers for this task. However, due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Xi He , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Mikhail Smelyanskiy , Martin Takáč

Most parallel neural network training methods assume homogeneous computing resources. For example, synchronous data-parallel SGD suffers from significant synchronization overhead under heterogeneous workloads, often forcing practitioners to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jihyun Lim , Junhyuk Jo , Chanhyeok Ko , Young Min Go , Jimin Hwa , Sunwoo Lee

Neural network optimization remains one of the most consequential yet poorly understood challenges in modern AI research, where improvements in training algorithms can lead to enhanced feature learning in foundation models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ansh Nagwekar

Understanding the bottlenecks in implementing stochastic gradient descent (SGD)-based distributed support vector machines (SVM) algorithm is important in training larger data sets. The communication time to do the model synchronization…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Vibhatha Abeykoon , Geoffrey Fox , Minje Kim

Communication cost is the main bottleneck for the design of effective distributed learning algorithms. Recently, event-triggered techniques have been proposed to reduce the exchanged information among compute nodes and thus alleviate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Nhuong Nguyen , Song Han

Distributed training is an effective way to accelerate the training process of large-scale deep learning models. However, the parameter exchange and synchronization of distributed stochastic gradient descent introduce a large amount of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-16 LingFei Dai , Boyu Diao , Chao Li , Yongjun Xu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) holds as a classical method to build large scale machine learning models over big data. A stochastic gradient is typically calculated from a limited number of samples (known as mini-batch), so it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Yadong Mu , Wei Liu , Wei Fan

Training a neural network (NN) typically relies on some type of curve-following method, such as gradient descent (GD) (and stochastic gradient descent (SGD)), ADADELTA, ADAM or limited memory algorithms. Convergence for these algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Michael A Kouritzin , Stephen Styles , Beatrice-Helen Vritsiou

We consider speeding up stochastic gradient descent (SGD) by parallelizing it across multiple workers. We assume the same data set is shared among $N$ workers, who can take SGD steps and coordinate with a central server. While it is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Artin Spiridonoff , Alex Olshevsky , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms are widely deployed in training large-scale deep learning models, while the communication overhead among workers becomes the new system bottleneck. Recently proposed gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu , Ka Chun Cheung , Simon See

Modern machine learning often requires training with large batch size, distributed data, and massively parallel compute hardware (like mobile and other edge devices or distributed data centers). Communication becomes a major bottleneck in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ahmed Khaled , Satyen Kale , Arthur Douillard , Chi Jin , Rob Fergus , Manzil Zaheer

Existing asynchronous distributed optimization algorithms often use diminishing step-sizes that cause slow practical convergence, or fixed step-sizes that depend on an assumed upper bound of delays. Not only is such a delay bound hard to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Xuyang Wu , Changxin Liu , Sindri Magnusson , Mikael Johansson
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