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The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a popular NP-hard-combinatorial optimization problem that requires finding the optimal way for a salesman to travel through different cities once and return to the initial city. The existing methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Kapil Goswami , Gagan Anekonda Veereshi , Peter Schmelcher , Rick Mukherjee

In recent years, there has been much interest in phase transitions of combinatorial problems. Phase transitions have been successfully used to analyze combinatorial optimization problems, characterize their typical-case features and locate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 W. Zhang

We present a black-box reduction from the path version of the Traveling Salesman Problem (Path TSP) to the classical tour version (TSP). More precisely, we show that given an $\alpha$-approximation algorithm for TSP, then, for any $\epsilon…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen , Rico Zenklusen

We study the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) on the metric completion of cubic and subcubic graphs, which is known to be NP-hard. The problem is of interest because of its relation to the famous 4/3 conjecture for metric TSP, which says…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-07-07 Sylvia Boyd , René Sitters , Suzanne van der Ster , Leen Stougie

We introduce a topological feedback mechanism for the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) by analyzing the divergence between a tour and the minimum spanning tree (MST). Our key contribution is a canonical decomposition theorem that expresses…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ilya Trofimov , Daria Voronkova , Alexander Mironenko , Anton Dmitriev , Eduard Tulchinskii , Evgeny Burnaev , Serguei Barannikov

Most neural solvers for the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) are trained to output a single solution, even though practitioners rarely stop there: at test time, they routinely spend extra compute on sampling or post-hoc search. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Andoni Irazusta Garmendia

This paper presents a new method for solving an orienteering problem (OP) by breaking it down into two parts: a knapsack problem (KP) and a traveling salesman problem (TSP). A KP solver is responsible for picking nodes, while a TSP solver…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Wei Liu , Tao Zhang , Rui Wang , Kaiwen Li , Wenhua Li , Kang Yang

The Multiple Travelling Salesman Problem (MTSP) is among the most interesting combinatorial optimization problems because it is widely adopted in real-life applications, including robotics, transportation, networking, etc. Although the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Omar Cheikhrouhou , Ines Khoufi

In this paper we propose some novel path planning strategies for a double integrator with bounded velocity and bounded control inputs. First, we study the following version of the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP): given a set of points…

Robotics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ketan Savla , Francesco Bullo , Emilio Frazzoli

Over the past few years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), also known as drones, have been adopted as part of a new logistic method in the commercial sector called "last-mile delivery". In this novel approach, they are deployed alongside…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Quang Minh Ha , Yves Deville , Quang Dung Pham , Minh Hoàng Hà

Existing neural methods for the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) mostly aim at finding a single optimal solution. To discover diverse yet high-quality solutions for Multi-Solution TSP (MSTSP), we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Qi Li , Zhiguang Cao , Yining Ma , Yaoxin Wu , Yue-Jiao Gong

Combinatorial optimization is the field devoted to the study and practice of algorithms that solve NP-hard problems. As Machine Learning (ML) and deep learning have popularized, several research groups have started to use ML to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Antoine François , Quentin Cappart , Louis-Martin Rousseau

We consider the a priori traveling repairman problem, which is a stochastic version of the classic traveling repairman problem (also called the traveling deliveryman or minimum latency problem). Given a metric $(V,d)$ with a root $r\in V$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Inge Li Gørtz , Viswanath Nagarajan , Fatemeh Navidi

In many real-world settings, problem instances that need to be solved are quite similar, and knowledge from previous optimization runs can potentially be utilized. We explore this for the Traveling Salesperson problem with time windows…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Hy Nguyen , Thanh Nguyen Pham , Helen Yuliana Angmalisang , Liam Wigney , Frank Neumann

Multiple-TSP, also abbreviated in the literature as mTSP, is an extension of the Traveling Salesman Problem that lies at the core of many variants of the Vehicle Routing problem of great practical importance. The current paper develops and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Vlad-Ioan Lupoaie , Ivona-Alexandra Chili , Mihaela Elena Breaban , Madalina Raschip

The traveling salesman (or salesperson) problem, short TSP, is a problem of strong interest to many researchers from mathematics, economics, and computer science. Manifold TSP variants occur in nearly every scientific field and application…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Sophia Saller , Jana Koehler , Andreas Karrenbauer

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classical NP-hard problem and has broad applications in many disciplines and industries. In a large scale location-based services system, users issue TSP queries concurrently, where a TSP query is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Kangfei Zhao , Shengcai Liu , Yu Rong , Jeffrey Xu Yu

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively researched and widely applied combinatorial optimization problems. It is NP-hard even in the symmetric and metric case. Building upon elaborate research, state-of-the-art…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Sabrina C. L. Ammann , Birte Ostermann , Sebastian Stiller , Timo de Wolff

We consider the time-dependent traveling salesman problem (TDTSP), a generalization of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem (ATSP) to incorporate time-dependent cost functions. In our model, the costs of an arc can change arbitrarily…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-04 Christoph Hansknecht , Imke Joormann , Sebastian Stiller

The profitable tour problem (PTP) is a well-known NP-hard routing problem searching for a tour visiting a subset of customers while maximizing profit as the difference between total revenue collected and traveling costs. PTP is known to be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Enrico Angelelli , Renata Mansini , Romeo Rizzi
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