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Related papers: A Low Incidence of Mid-Infrared Variability in Dwa…

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We use mid-infrared variability in galaxies to search for active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the local universe. We use a sample of 10,220 galaxies from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey, part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-09 Aashay Pai , Michael R. Blanton , John Moustakas

Detecting active black holes in dwarf galaxies has proven to be a challenge due to their small size and weak electromagnetic signatures. Mid-infrared variability has emerged as a promising tool that can be used to detect active low-mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-02 Archana Aravindan , Gabriela Canalizo , Nathan Secrest , Shobita Satyapal , Thomas Bohn

Searching for active galactic nuclei (AGN) in dwarf galaxies is important for our understanding of the seed black holes that formed in the early Universe. Here, we test infrared selection methods for AGN activity at low galaxy masses. Our…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-07 Kevin N. Hainline , Amy E. Reines , Jenny E. Greene , Daniel Stern

We use the multi-epoch, mid-infrared Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey to investigate the variability of 474,179 objects in 8.1 deg^2 of the NDWFS Bootes field. We perform a Difference Image Analysis of the four available epochs between 2004…

We use the VST-COSMOS survey to identify, via their optical broadband variability, 30 AGN in nearby (z<0.4) dwarf (10^8 MSun < M < 10^10 MSun) galaxies. VST-COSMOS offers a 1 deg^2 survey footprint, a single visit depth of 24.6 mag and 68…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-20 S. Kaviraj , D. De Cicco , I. Lazar , B. Bichang'a , A. E. Watkins , G. Martin , S. Koudmani

We assess the systematics and efficiency of an AGN selection method based on mid-infrared (MIR) variability. To this end, we utilize various types of active and inactive galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, matching them with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-27 Shinyu Kim , Minjin Kim , Suyeon Son , Luis C. Ho

In this work, we use 8 years of deep near-infrared imaging to select and study a new set of 601 active galaxies identified through long-term near-infrared (NIR) variability in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (UDS). These objects are compared…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-24 K. Green , E. Elmer , D. T. Maltby , O. Almaini , M. Merrifield , W. G. Hartley

Mid-infrared photometry provides a robust technique for identifying active galaxies. While the ultraviolet to mid-infrared continuum of normal galaxies is dominated by the composite stellar black body curve and peaks at approximately 1.6…

While it is difficult to observe the first black hole seeds in the early Universe, we can study intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) in local dwarf galaxies for clues about their origins. In this paper we present a sample of…

Observations and theoretical simulations suggest that the large scale environment plays a significant role in how galaxies form and evolve and, in particular, whether and when galaxies host an actively accreting supermassive black hole in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-16 Anish S. Aradhey , Anca Constantin , Michael S. Vogeley , Kelly A. Douglass

It is known that some active galactic nuclei (AGNs) transited from type 1 to type 2 or vice versa. There are two explanations for the so-called changing look AGNs: one is the dramatic change of the obscuration along the line-of-sight, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-01 Zhenfeng Sheng , Tinggui Wang , Ning Jiang , Chenwei Yang , Lin Yan , Liming Dou , Bo Peng

We present an all-sky sample of ~ 1.4 million AGNs meeting a two color infrared photometric selection criteria for AGNs as applied to sources from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer final catalog release (AllWISE). We assess the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-04 Nathan Secrest , Rachel Dudik , Bryan Dorland , Norbert Zacharias , Valeri Makarov , Alan Fey , Julien Frouard , Charlie Finch

We present a detailed study of radio-detected dwarf galaxies (with stellar masses less than 3 billion solar masses) to characterize extreme star formation and search for (variable) radio AGNs. Our sample comes from Reines et al. (2020)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-01 John-Michael Eberhard , Amy E. Reines

We identify 85 variable galaxies in the GOODS North and South fields using 5 epochs of HST ACS V-band (F606W) images spanning 6 months. The variables are identified through significant flux changes in the galaxy's nucleus and represent ~2%…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Vicki L. Sarajedini , David C. Koo , Alison J. Klesman , Elise S. Laird , Pablo G. Perez Gonzalez , Mark Mozena

We investigate the use of optical variability to identify and study Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in the GOODS-South field. A sample of 22 mid-infrared power law sources and 102 X-ray sources with optical counterparts in the HST ACS images…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Alison Klesman , Vicki Sarajedini

We present the results of a 2-epoch variability survey in the Hubble Deep Field with the goal of investigating the population of AGN to z=1. The primary data sets analyzed for galactic variability are the original HDF observations obtained…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Vicki L. Sarajedini , Ronald L. Gilliland , Christina Kasm

While massive black holes (MBHs) are known to inhabit all massive galaxies, their ubiquitous presence in dwarf galaxies has not been confirmed yet, with only a limited number of sources detected so far. Recently, some studies proposed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-15 Alessandro Lupi , Tullia Sbarrato , Stefano Carniani

The 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S) and other deep X-ray surveys have been highly effective at selecting active galactic nuclei (AGN). However, cosmologically distant low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN) have remained a challenge to identify…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. Young , W. N. Brandt , Y. Q. Xue , M. Paolillo , D. M. Alexander , F. E. Bauer , B. D. Lehmer , B. Luo , O. Shemmer , D. P. Schneider , C. Vignali

We present a study of galaxies showing mid-infrared variability in data taken in the deepest Spitzer/MIPS 24 $\mu$m surveys in the GOODS-South field. We divide the dataset in epochs and subepochs to study the long-term (months-years) and…

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