Related papers: Sustaining a temperature difference
To describe the small-scale intermittency of turbulence, a self-similarity is assumed for the probability density function of a logarithm of the rate of energy dissipation smoothed over a length scale among those in the inertial range. The…
Statistical mechanics descriptions of the second law of thermodynamics generally imply point-like particles driven by a dissipative overall mechanism for their simultaneous time-evolution. As the number of involved particles grows larger,…
We present the computer simulation results of a chain of hard point particles with alternating masses interacting on its extremes with two thermal baths at different temperatures. We found that the system obeys Fourier's law at the…
We review two definitions of temperature in statistical mechanics, $T_B$ and $T_G$, corresponding to two possible definitions of entropy, $S_B$ and $S_G$, known as surface and volume entropy respectively. We restrict our attention to a…
We give a rigorous derivation of Fourier's law from a system of closure equations for a nonequilibrium stationary state of a Hamiltonian system of coupled oscillators subjected to heat baths on the boundary. The local heat flux is…
A generally relativistic theory of thermodynamics is developed, based on four main physical principles: heat is a local form of energy, therefore described by a thermal energy tensor; conservation of mass, equivalent to conservation of…
The local entropy of a nonequilibrium system of independent fermions is investigated, and analyzed in the context of the laws of thermodynamics. It is shown that the local temperature and chemical potential can only be expressed in terms of…
We introduce a natural way of visualizing the entropy production in heat transfer processes between a system and a thermal reservoir. This representation is particularly useful to highlight the asymmetric character of the heating and…
A theory for non-equilibrium systems is derived from a maximum entropy approach similar in spirit to the equilibrium theory given by Gibbs. Requiring Hamilton's principle of stationary action to be satisfied on average during a trajectory,…
The energy of a finite system thermally connected to a thermal reservoir may fluctuate, while the temperature is a constant representing a thermodynamic property of the reservoir. The finite system can also be used as a thermometer for the…
We give a uniform bound from below on the temperature for a variant of the compressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system, under suitable hypotheses. This system of equations forms a mathematical model of the motion of a compressible fluid…
Certain fluctuations in particle number at fixed total energy lead exactly to a cut-power law distribution in the one-particle energy, via the induced fluctuations in the phase-space volume ratio. The temperature parameter is expressed…
We consider heat transfer between two thermal reservoirs mediated by a quantum system using the generalized quantum Langevin equation. The thermal reservoirs are treated as ensembles of oscillators within the framework of the Drude-Ullersma…
We study by means of numerical simulations the model of dissipative particle dynamics with energy conservation for the simple case of thermal conduction. It is shown that the model displays correct equilibrium fluctuations and reproduces…
Internally heated convection involves the transfer of heat by fluid motion between a distribution of sources and sinks. Focusing on the balanced case where the total heat added by the sources matches the heat taken away by the sinks, we…
The fluctuation-dissipation-theorem connects equilibrium to mildly (linearly) perturbed situations in a thermodynamic manner: It involves the observable of interest and the entropy production caused by the perturbation. We derive a relation…
We study the transport of heat along a chain of particles interacting through a harmonic potential and subject to heat reservoirs at its ends. Each particle has two degrees of freedom and is subject to a stochastic noise that produces…
We present computer simulations run with a stochastic cellular automaton which describes $d=1$ particle systems connected to reservoirs which keep two different densities at the endpoints. We fix the parameters so that there is a phase…
We investigate the entanglement temperature of a small scale subsystem in low excited states by using holographic method. Especially, we study the entanglement entropy and entanglement temperature in higher derivative gravities which are…
For systems in equilibrium at a temperature $T$, thermal noise and energy damping are related to $T$ through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT). We study here an extension of the FDT to an out of equilibrium steady state: a…