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Many aspects of the evolution of stars, and in particular the evolution of binary stars, remain beyond our ability to model them in detail. Instead, we rely on observations to guide our often phenomenological models and pin down uncertain…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 Robert G. Izzard , Ghina M. Halabi

Current amount of ~500 asteroid models derived from the disk-integrated photometry by the lightcurve inversion method allows us to study not only the spin-vector properties of the whole population of MBAs, but also of several individual…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 J. Hanuš , M. Brož , J. Ďurech , B. D. Warner , J. Brinsfield , R. Durkee , D. Higgins , R. A. Koff , J. Oey , F. Pilcher , R. Stephens , L. P. Strabla , Q. Ulisse , R. Girelli

Analysis of laboratory experiments simulating space weathering optical effects on atmosphereless planetary bodies reveals that the time needed to alter the spectrum of an ordinary chondrite meteorite to resemble the overall spectral shape…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-28 D. I. Shestopalov , L. F. Golubeva , E. A. Cloutis

An efficient Bayesian technique for estimation problems in fundamental stellar astronomy is tested on simulated data for a binary observed both astrometrically and spectroscopically. Posterior distributions are computed for the components'…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-24 L. B. Lucy

We investigate the qualitative characteristics of a test particle attracted to an irregular elongated body, modeled as a non-homogeneous straight segment with a variable linear density. By deriving the potential function in closed form, we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-22 E. Martínez , J. Vidarte , J. L. Zapata

We present a new approach to measure the shapes of galaxies, a fundamental task in observational astronomy. This approach is based on the decomposition of a galaxy image into a series of orthogonal basis functions, or `shapelets'. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Alexandre Refregier , Tzu-Ching Chang , David Bacon

Recent observations of surface brightness distributions of both Milky Way and M31 satellite galaxies have revealed many instances of sudden changes or breaks in the slope of the surface brightness profiles (at some break radius, r_break).…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kathryn V. Johnston , Philip I. Choi , Puragra Guhathakurta

Millisecond and binary pulsars are the most stable astronomical standards of frequency. They can be applied to solving a number of problems in astronomy and time-keeping metrology including the search for a stochastic gravitational wave…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Sergei Kopeikin

In the era of wide-field surveys like the Zwicky Transient Facility and the Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time, sparse photometric measurements constitute an increasing percentage of asteroid observations, particularly for…

We model mock observations of collisionless N-body disc-disc mergers with an axisymmetric orbit superposition program that has been used to model Coma ellipticals. The remnants sample representatively the shapes of disc-disc mergers…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Thomas , R. Jesseit , T. Naab , R. P. Saglia , A. Burkert , R. Bender

We present analysis of the asteroid surface density distribution of main belt asteroids (mean perihelion $\Delta \simeq 2.404$ AU) in five ecliptic latitude fields, $-17 \gtsimeq \beta(\degr) \ltsimeq +15$, derived from deep \textit{Large…

We develop an inversion technique of annual scattered light curves to sketch a two-dimensional albedo map of exoplanets in face-on orbits. As a test-bed for future observations of extrasolar terrestrial planets, we apply this mapping…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-16 Hajime Kawahara , Yuka Fujii

Future missions, including the Habitable Worlds Observatory, will aim to image Earth-like exoplanets around Sun-like stars in reflected light. Determining whether an exoplanet is in the habitable zone of its star may be difficult in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Samantha N. Hasler , Leonid Pogorelyuk , Riley Fitzgerald , Kerri Cahoy , Rhonda Morgan

The degree of spin-orbit alignment in a population of binary stars can be determined from measurements of their orbital inclinations and rotational broadening of their spectral lines. Alignment in a face-on binary guarantees low rotational…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-07 Marcus L. Marcussen , Simon H. Albrecht , Joshua N. Winn , Yubo Su , Mia S. Lundkvist , Kevin C. Schlaufman

In this article, equilibrium points and families of periodic orbits in the vicinity of the collinear equilibrium points of a binary asteroid system are investigated with respect to the angular velocity of the secondary body, the mass ratio…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 L. B. T. Santos , Allan Kardec de Almeida , P. A. Sousa-Silva , M. O. Terra , D. M. Sanchez , S. Aljbaae , A. F. B. A. Prado , F Monteiro

Thermophysical Models (TPMs), which have proven to be a powerful tool in the interpretation of the infrared emission of asteroid surfaces, typically make use of a priori obtained shape models and spin axes for use as input boundary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-22 Eric M. MacLennan , Joshua P. Emery

Satellites around large asteroids are preferentially found among those with the most rapid rotation and elongated shape. The taxonomic statistics are similarly skewed; in total, 13 asteroids larger than 100 km are known to have satellites,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Kevin J. Walsh , Ronald-Louis Ballouz , Harrison F. Agrusa , Josef Hanus , Martin Jutzi , Patrick Michel

We derive analytic formulas to reconstruct particle-averaged quantities from experimental results that suffer from the efficiency loss of particle measurements. These formulas are derived under the assumption that the probabilities of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-10-17 Masakiyo Kitazawa , ShinIchi Esumi , Takafumi Niida , Toshihiro Nonaka

Initially designed to detect and characterize exoplanets, extreme adaptive optics systems (AO) open a new window on the solar system by resolving its small bodies. Nonetheless, despite the always increasing performances of AO systems, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-14 Anthony Berdeu , Férréol Soulez , Kate Minker , Benoit Carry , Guillaume Bourdarot , Antoine Kaszczyc , Maud Langlois

Radio interferometric data are used to estimate the sky brightness distributions in radio frequencies. Here we focus on estimators of the large-scale structure and the power spectrum of the sky brightness distribution inferred from radio…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 Prasun Dutta , Meera Nandakumar