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Obtaining consistent explanations for machine learning on molecular graphs requires predictions and attributions to be aligned with chemical identity. However, chemically equivalent drawings of the same molecule can induce different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Emanuele Guidotti , Sara Puglioli

Evolution produces complex and structured networks of interacting components in chemical, biological, and social systems. We describe a simple mathematical model for the evolution of an idealized chemical system to study how a network of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2014-03-05 Sanjay Jain , Sandeep Krishna

Nowadays, the coupling of electronic structure and machine learning techniques serves as a powerful tool to predict chemical and physical properties of a broad range of systems. With the aim of improving the accuracy of predictions, a large…

In this paper we study the practicality and usefulness of incorporating distributed representations of graphs into models within the context of drug pair scoring. We argue that the real world growth and update cycles of drug pair scoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Paul Scherer , Pietro Liò , Mateja Jamnik

Motivation: A Chemical Reaction Network (CRN) is a set of chemical reactions, which can be very complex and difficult to analyze. Indeed, dynamical properties of CRNs can be described by a set of non-linear differential equations that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Lucia Nasti , Roberta Gori , Paolo Milazzo , Federico Poloni

Motivated by recent progress on the interplay between graph theory, dynamics, and systems theory, we revisit the analysis of chemical reaction networks described by mass action kinetics. For reaction networks possessing a thermodynamic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Arjan van der Schaft , Shodhan Rao , Bayu Jayawardhana

Revealing physical interactions in complex systems from observed collective dynamics constitutes a fundamental inverse problem in science. Current reconstruction methods require access to a system's model or dynamical data at a level of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-01-18 Mor Nitzan , Jose Casadiego , Marc Timme

In recent years, conventional chemistry techniques have faced significant challenges due to their inherent limitations, struggling to cope with the increasing complexity and volume of data generated in contemporary research endeavors.…

A directed hypergraph (dihypergraph) consists of a set of vertices and a set of hyperarcs, where each hyperarc is partitioned into a head and a tail. Directed hypergraphs are useful in many applications, including the study of chemical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Catherine Greenhill , Tamás Makai

Traditional graph analysis focuses on nodes and edges, that is, pairwise relationships. Yet many real-world networks, including biological, social, and communication networks, involve higher-order relationships in which multiple nodes…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Heitor Baldo , Luiz A. Baccalá , André Fujita , Koichi Sameshima

Graphs are central to the chemical sciences, providing a natural language to describe molecules, proteins, reactions, and industrial processes. They capture interactions and structures that underpin materials, biology, and medicine. This…

Recently a novel framework has been proposed for designing the molecular structure of chemical compounds using both artificial neural networks (ANNs) and mixed integer linear programming (MILP). In the framework, we first define a feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Jianshen Zhu , Naveed Ahmed Azam , Kazuya Haraguchi , Liang Zhao , Hiroshi Nagamochi , Tatsuya Akutsu

We explore pseudometrics for directed graphs in order to better understand their topological properties. The directed flag complex associated to a directed graph provides a useful bridge between network science and topology. Indeed, it has…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-26 Ana Lucia Garcia-Pulido , Kathryn Hess , Jane Tan , Katharine Turner , Bei Wang , Naya Yerolemou

For the investigation of chemical reaction networks, the identification of all relevant intermediates and elementary reactions is mandatory. Many algorithmic approaches exist that perform explorations efficiently and automatedly. These…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Gregor N. Simm , Alain C. Vaucher , Markus Reiher

Analysis of chemical graphs is becoming a major research topic in computational molecular biology due to its potential applications to drug design. One of the major approaches in such a study is inverse quantitative structure…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Tatsuya Akutsu , Hiroshi Nagamochi

Microorganisms can create engineered materials with exquisite structures and living functionalities. Although synthetic biology tools to genetically manipulate microorganisms continue to expand, the bottom-up rational design of engineered…

The Turing patterning mechanism is believed to underly the formation of repetitive structures in development, such as zebrafish stripes and mammalian digits, but it has proved difficult to isolate the specific biochemical species…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-03-22 Stephen Smith , Neil Dalchau

Leveraging artificial intelligence for automatic retrosynthesis speeds up organic pathway planning in digital laboratories. However, existing deep learning approaches are unexplainable, like "black box" with few insights, notably limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yu Wang , Chao Pang , Yuzhe Wang , Yi Jiang , Junru Jin , Sirui Liang , Quan Zou , Leyi Wei

Graph-Rewriting Automata (GRA) are an extension of Cellular Automata to a dynamic structure using local graph-rewriting rules. This work introduces linear algebra based tools that allow for a practical investigation of their behavior in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Paul Cousin , Aude Maignan

Chemical reactivity models are developed to predict chemical reaction outcomes in the form of classification (success/failure) or regression (product yield) tasks. The vast majority of the reported models are trained solely on chemical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Aline Hartgers , Ramil Nugmanov , Kostiantyn Chernichenko , Joerg Kurt Wegner