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Confusing-words are commonly encountered in real-life keyword spotting applications, which causes severe degradation of performance due to complex spoken terms and various kinds of words that sound similar to the predefined keywords. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yan Jia , Zexin Cai , Murong Ma , Zeqing Zhao , Xuyang Wang , Junjie Wang , Ming Li

This paper presents the results and main findings of SemEval-2021 Task 1 - Lexical Complexity Prediction. We provided participants with an augmented version of the CompLex Corpus (Shardlow et al 2020). CompLex is an English multi-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Matthew Shardlow , Richard Evans , Gustavo Henrique Paetzold , Marcos Zampieri

This paper describes the National Research Council (NRC) Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) system, as applied to the English Lexical Sample (ELS) task in Senseval-3. The NRC system approaches WSD as a classical supervised machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney

The rapid evolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has favoured major languages such as English, leaving a significant gap for many others due to limited resources. This is especially evident in the context of data annotation, a task…

Micro-expressions (MEs) are subtle, fleeting nonverbal cues that reveal an individual's genuine emotional state. Their analysis has attracted considerable interest due to its promising applications in fields such as healthcare, criminal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Chuang Ma , Yu Pei , Jianhang Zhang , Shaokai Zhao , Bowen Ji , Liang Xie , Ye Yan , Erwei Yin

Idiomatic expressions can be problematic for natural language processing applications as their meaning cannot be inferred from their constituting words. A lack of successful methodological approaches and sufficiently large datasets prevents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Tadej Škvorc , Polona Gantar , Marko Robnik-Šikonja

Developing explainability methods for Natural Language Processing (NLP) models is a challenging task, for two main reasons. First, the high dimensionality of the data (large number of tokens) results in low coverage and in turn small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Peyman Jalali , Nengfeng Zhou , Yufei Yu

Multiword expressions (MWEs) have been widely studied in cross-lingual annotation frameworks such as PARSEME. However, Korean MWEs remain underrepresented in these efforts. In particular, Korean multiword adpositions lack systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Junghyun Min , Na-Rae Han , Jena D. Hwang , Nathan Schneider

This paper presents our segmentation system developed for the MLP 2017 shared tasks on cross-lingual word segmentation and morpheme segmentation. We model both word and morpheme segmentation as character-level sequence labelling tasks. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Yan Shao

Princeton WordNet (PWN) is a lexicon-semantic network based on cognitive linguistics, which promotes the development of natural language processing. Based on PWN, five Chinese wordnets have been developed to solve the problems of syntax and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Mingchen Li , Zili Zhou , Yanna Wang

From the latter half of the last decade, there has been a growing interest in developing algorithms for automatically solving mathematical word problems (MWP). It is a challenging and unique task that demands blending surface level text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Sowmya S Sundaram , Sairam Gurajada , Marco Fisichella , Deepak P , Savitha Sam Abraham

We release to the community six large-scale sense-annotated datasets in multiple language to pave the way for supervised multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation. Our datasets cover all the nouns in the English WordNet and their translations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Tommaso Pasini , Francesco Maria Elia , Roberto Navigli

Multimodal models have been proven to outperform text-based models on learning semantic word representations. Almost all previous multimodal models typically treat the representations from different modalities equally. However, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Idiomatic expressions present a unique challenge in NLP, as their meanings are often not directly inferable from their constituent words. Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), idiomaticity remains a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Thomas Pickard , Aline Villavicencio , Maggie Mi , Wei He , Dylan Phelps , Marco Idiart

Crosslingual word embeddings represent lexical items from different languages in the same vector space, enabling transfer of NLP tools. However, previous attempts had expensive resource requirements, difficulty incorporating monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-01 Long Duong , Hiroshi Kanayama , Tengfei Ma , Steven Bird , Trevor Cohn

Memes are powerful means for effective communication on social media. Their effortless amalgamation of viral visuals and compelling messages can have far-reaching implications with proper marketing. Previous research on memes has primarily…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Shivam Sharma , Siddhant Agarwal , Tharun Suresh , Preslav Nakov , Md. Shad Akhtar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promise in visual-textual reasoning, with Multimodal Chain-of-Thought (MCoT) prompting significantly enhancing interpretability. However, existing MCoT methods rely on rationale-rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yiwen Jiang , Deval Mehta , Siyuan Yan , Yaling Shen , Zimu Wang , Zongyuan Ge

How language-agnostic are current state-of-the-art NLP tools? Are there some types of language that are easier to model with current methods? In prior work (Cotterell et al., 2018) we attempted to address this question for language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Sabrina J. Mielke , Ryan Cotterell , Kyle Gorman , Brian Roark , Jason Eisner

Idiomatic expressions are an integral part of human languages, often used to express complex ideas in compressed or conventional ways (e.g. eager beaver as a keen and enthusiastic person). However, their interpretations may not be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Wei He , Tiago Kramer Vieira , Marcos Garcia , Carolina Scarton , Marco Idiart , Aline Villavicencio

Discourse understanding is essential for many NLP tasks, yet most existing work remains constrained by framework-dependent discourse representations. This work investigates whether large language models (LLMs) capture discourse knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Florian Eichin , Yang Janet Liu , Barbara Plank , Michael A. Hedderich