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Adversarial attacks can mislead deep neural networks (DNNs) by adding imperceptible perturbations to benign examples. The attack transferability enables adversarial examples to attack black-box DNNs with unknown architectures or parameters,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Kaisheng Liang , Bin Xiao

Machine learning security has recently become a prominent topic in the natural language processing (NLP) area. The existing black-box adversarial attack suffers prohibitively from the high model querying complexity, resulting in easily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Wenjie Lv , Zhen Wang , Yitao Zheng , Zhehua Zhong , Qi Xuan , Tianyi Chen

Classification has been the focal point of research on adversarial attacks, but only a few works investigate methods suited to denser prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation. The methods proposed in these works do not accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Jérôme Rony , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Ismail Ben Ayed

Decision-based attack poses a severe threat to real-world applications since it regards the target model as a black box and only accesses the hard prediction label. Great efforts have been made recently to decrease the number of queries;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Xiaosen Wang , Zeliang Zhang , Kangheng Tong , Dihong Gong , Kun He , Zhifeng Li , Wei Liu

Deep Learning (DL) is rapidly maturing to the point that it can be used in safety- and security-crucial applications. However, adversarial samples, which are undetectable to the human eye, pose a serious threat that can cause the model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Firuz Juraev , Mohammed Abuhamad , Eric Chan-Tin , George K. Thiruvathukal , Tamer Abuhmed

Semi-supervised anomaly detection, which aims to improve the anomaly detection performance by using a small amount of labeled anomaly data in addition to unlabeled data, has attracted attention. Existing semi-supervised approaches assume…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-11 Hiroshi Takahashi , Tomoharu Iwata , Atsutoshi Kumagai , Yuuki Yamanaka

Deep neural networks have been widely used in various downstream tasks, especially those safety-critical scenario such as autonomous driving, but deep networks are often threatened by adversarial samples. Such adversarial attacks can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yutong Zhang , Yao Li , Yin Li , Zhichang Guo

Machine learning (ML) models are known to be vulnerable to a number of attacks that target the integrity of their predictions or the privacy of their training data. To carry out these attacks, a black-box adversary must typically possess…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Dudi Biton , Aditi Misra , Efrat Levy , Jaidip Kotak , Ron Bitton , Roei Schuster , Nicolas Papernot , Yuval Elovici , Ben Nassi

Deep learning has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance for a variety of challenging computer vision tasks. On one hand, this has enabled deep visual models to pave the way for a plethora of critical applications like disease…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Mohammad A. A. K. Jalwana , Naveed Akhtar , Mohammed Bennamoun , Ajmal Mian

Adversarial examples represent a serious issue for the application of machine learning models in many sensitive domains. For generating adversarial examples, decision based black-box attacks are one of the most practical techniques as they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Nicole Meng , Caleb Manicke , David Chen , Yingjie Lao , Caiwen Ding , Pengyu Hong , Kaleel Mahmood

Neural ranking models (NRMs) have attracted considerable attention in information retrieval. Unfortunately, NRMs may inherit the adversarial vulnerabilities of general neural networks, which might be leveraged by black-hat search engine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Yu-An Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Maarten de Rijke , Wei Chen , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Recently, reconstruction-based anomaly detection was proposed as an effective technique to detect attacks in dynamic industrial control networks. Unlike classical network anomaly detectors that observe the network traffic,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Alessandro Erba , Riccardo Taormina , Stefano Galelli , Marcello Pogliani , Michele Carminati , Stefano Zanero , Nils Ole Tippenhauer

In black-box adversarial attacks, adversaries query the deep neural network (DNN), use the output to reconstruct gradients, and then optimize the adversarial inputs iteratively. In this paper, we study the method of adding white noise to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Manjushree B. Aithal , Xiaohua Li

Black-box adversarial attacks generate adversarial samples via iterative optimizations using repeated queries. Defending deep neural networks against such attacks has been challenging. In this paper, we propose an efficient Boundary Defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Manjushree B. Aithal , Xiaohua Li

Adversarial attacks insert small, imperceptible perturbations to input samples that cause large, undesired changes to the output of deep learning models. Despite extensive research on generating adversarial attacks and building defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Vyas Raina , Mark Gales

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples using information limited to loss function evaluations of input-output pairs. We use Bayesian optimization~(BO) to specifically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Adversarial text attack research plays a crucial role in evaluating the robustness of NLP models. However, the increasing complexity of transformer-based architectures has dramatically raised the computational cost of attack testing,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Abhinay Shankar Belde , Rohit Ramkumar , Jonathan Rusert

Adversarial training has emerged as an effective approach to train robust neural network models that are resistant to adversarial attacks, even in low-label regimes where labeled data is scarce. In this paper, we introduce a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Tian Ye , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

What fundamentally distinguishes an adversarial attack from a misclassification due to limited model expressivity or finite data? In this work, we investigate this question in the setting of high-dimensional binary classification, where…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-17 Matteo Vilucchio , Lenka Zdeborová , Bruno Loureiro

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have been recently garnering increasing interest in various research fields, mainly due to their ability to represent large, complex data in a compact, continuous manner. Past work further showed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Tamir Shor , Ethan Fetaya , Chaim Baskin , Alex Bronstein