Related papers: Convergence of IT and SCADA: Associated Security T…
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems support and control the operation of many critical infrastructures that our society depend on, such as power grids. Since SCADA systems become a target for cyber attacks and the…
Pipeline bursting, production lines shut down, frenzy traffic, trains confrontation, nuclear reactor shut down, disrupted electric supply, interrupted oxygen supply in ICU - these catastrophic events could result because of an erroneous…
Since the 1960s Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems have been used within industry. Referred to as critical infrastructure (CI), key installations such as power stations, water treatment and energy grids are controlled…
Industrial Control System (ICS) is a general term that includes supervisory control & data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC).…
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is concerned with gathering process information from industrial control processes found in utilities such as power grids, water networks, transportation, manufacturing, etc., to provide the…
As more business activities are being automated and an increasing number of computers are being used to store vital and sensitive information the need for secure computer systems becomes more apparent. These systems can be achieved only…
A SCADA system is a distributed network of cyber-physical devices used for instrumentation and control of critical infrastructures such as an electric power grid. With the emergence of the smart grid, SCADA systems are increasingly required…
This manuscript explores the cybersecurity challenges of Operational Technology (OT) networks, focusing on their critical role in industrial environments such as manufacturing, energy, and utilities. As OT systems increasingly integrate…
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) encompassing resources for process automation are subjected to a wide variety of security threats. The threat landscape is arising due to increased adoption of Commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) products as well…
Critical Infrastructures (CIs), such as smart power grids, transport systems, and financial infrastructures, are more and more vulnerable to cyber threats, due to the adoption of commodity computing facilities. Despite the use of several…
In the early 90s, researchers began to focus on security as an important property to address in combination with safety. Over the years, researchers have proposed approaches to harmonize activities within the safety and security…
The increasing digitization and interconnection of legacy Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) open new vulnerability surfaces, exposing such systems to malicious attackers. Furthermore, since ICSs are often employed in critical…
Computer-based supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems have evolved over the past four decades, from standalone, compartmentalized operations into networked architectures that communicate across large distances. There is an…
Critical infrastructures (CI) and industrial organizations aggressively move towards integrating elements of modern Information Technology (IT) into their monolithic Operational Technology (OT) architectures. Yet, as OT systems…
Distributed control systems (DCS) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems were developed to reduce labour costs, and to allow system-wide monitoring and remote control from a central location. Control systems are widely…
Since the early 1960, industrial process control has been applied by electric systems. In the mid 1970's, the term SCADA emerged, describing the automated control and data acquisition. Since most industrial and automation networks were…
Increasingly Industrial Control Systems (ICS) systems are being connected to the Internet to minimise the operational costs and provide additional flexibility. These control systems such as the ones used in power grids, manufacturing and…
On a regular basis, we read in the news about cyber-attacks on critical infrastructures, such as power plants. Such infrastructures rely on the so-called Industrial Control Systems (ICS) / Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA)…
Cyber-physical systems are becoming core of the most modern systems consisting control, data sharing and real-time monitoring. While centralized control technique has been implemented in the past, recent innovation in distributed control…
Modern Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA systems used by the electric utility industry to monitor and control electric power generation, transmission and distribution are recognized today as critical components of the electric…