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Current Conversational AI systems employ different machine learning pipelines, as well as external knowledge sources and business logic to predict the next action. Maintaining various components in dialogue managers' pipeline adds…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Amin Hosseiny Marani , Ulie Schnaithmann , Youngseo Son , Akil Iyer , Manas Paldhe , Arushi Raghuvanshi

Multi-turn user interactions are among the most abundant data produced by language models, yet we lack effective methods to learn from them. While typically discarded, these interactions often contain useful information: follow-up user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Thomas Kleine Buening , Jonas Hübotter , Barna Pásztor , Idan Shenfeld , Giorgia Ramponi , Andreas Krause

Following natural language instructions by executing actions in digital environments (e.g. web-browsers and REST APIs) is a challenging task for language model (LM) agents. Unfortunately, LM agents often fail to generalize to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Shikhar Murty , Christopher Manning , Peter Shaw , Mandar Joshi , Kenton Lee

We focus on the task of language-conditioned grasping in clutter, in which a robot is supposed to grasp the target object based on a language instruction. Previous works separately conduct visual grounding to localize the target object, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Kechun Xu , Shuqi Zhao , Zhongxiang Zhou , Zizhang Li , Huaijin Pi , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

Deep learning approaches to natural language processing have made great strides in recent years. While these models produce symbols that convey vast amounts of diverse knowledge, it is unclear how such symbols are grounded in data from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 James Robert Kubricht , Zhaoyuan Yang , Jianwei Qiu , Peter Henry Tu

Allowing humans to communicate through natural language with robots requires connections between words and percepts. The process of creating these connections is called symbol grounding and has been studied for nearly three decades.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Oliver Roesler

Grounding language to the visual observations of a navigating agent can be performed using off-the-shelf visual-language models pretrained on Internet-scale data (e.g., image captions). While this is useful for matching images to natural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Chenguang Huang , Oier Mees , Andy Zeng , Wolfram Burgard

Vision language model (VLM)-based mobile agents show great potential for assisting users in performing instruction-driven tasks. However, these agents typically struggle with personalized instructions -- those containing ambiguous,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xin Wang , Zhiyao Cui , Hao Li , Ya Zeng , Chenxu Wang , Ruiqi Song , Yihang Chen , Kun Shao , Qiaosheng Zhang , Jinzhuo Liu , Siyue Ren , Shuyue Hu , Zhen Wang

Visual agent models for automating human activities on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) have emerged as a promising research direction, driven by advances in large Vision Language Models (VLMs). A critical challenge in GUI automation is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Joonhyung Park , Peng Tang , Sagnik Das , Srikar Appalaraju , Kunwar Yashraj Singh , R. Manmatha , Shabnam Ghadar

Although there have been approaches that are capable of learning action models from plan traces, there is no work on learning action models from textual observations, which is pervasive and much easier to collect from real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Kebing Jin , Huaixun Chen , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

Modern robotics applications that involve human-robot interaction require robots to be able to communicate with humans seamlessly and effectively. Natural language provides a flexible and efficient medium through which robots can exchange…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Andrea F. Daniele , Mohit Bansal , Matthew R. Walter

The utilisation of foundation models as smartphone assistants, termed app agents, is a critical research challenge. These agents aim to execute human instructions on smartphones by interpreting textual instructions and performing actions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Georgios Papoudakis , Thomas Coste , Zhihao Wu , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Kun Shao

Large language models (LLMs) hold the promise of solving diverse tasks when provided with appropriate natural language prompts. However, prompting often leads models to make predictions with lower accuracy compared to finetuning a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Chenyang Zhao , Xueying Jia , Vijay Viswanathan , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to generate natural language explanations (NLE) that are adapted to different users' situations. However, there is yet to be a quantitative evaluation of the extent of such adaptation. To bridge this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Pengshuo Qiu , Frank Rudzicz , Zining Zhu

Existing humanoid control systems often rely on teleoperation or modular generation pipelines that separate language understanding from physical execution. However, the former is entirely human-driven, and the latter lacks tight alignment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yuxuan Wang , Haobin Jiang , Shiqing Yao , Ziluo Ding , Zongqing Lu

GUI grounding, which maps natural-language instructions to actionable UI elements, is a core capability of GUI agents. Prior works largely treats instructions as a static proxy for user intent, overlooking the impact of instruction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Liangyu Chen , Hanzhang Zhou , Chenglin Cai , Jianan Zhang , Panrong Tong , Quyu Kong , Xu Zhang , Chen Liu , Yuqi Liu , Wenxuan Wang , Yue Wang , Qin Jin , Steven Hoi

Reinforcement learning has been successful in many tasks ranging from robotic control, games, energy management etc. In complex real world environments with sparse rewards and long task horizons, sample efficiency is still a major…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Bharat Prakash , Nicholas Waytowich , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

In this paper, we extended the method proposed in [21] to enable humans to interact naturally with autonomous agents through vocal and textual conversations. Our extended method exploits the inherent capabilities of pre-trained large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Linus Nwankwo , Elmar Rueckert

Instruction-grounded driving, where passenger language guides trajectory planning, requires vehicles to understand intent before motion. However, most prior instruction-following planners rely on simulation or fixed command vocabularies,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Ross Greer

Grounding (i.e. localizing) arbitrary, free-form textual phrases in visual content is a challenging problem with many applications for human-computer interaction and image-text reference resolution. Few datasets provide the ground truth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Anna Rohrbach , Marcus Rohrbach , Ronghang Hu , Trevor Darrell , Bernt Schiele