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This is the first of two papers in which we construct formal power series solutions in external parameters to the vacuum Einstein equations, implementing one bounce for the Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) proposal for spatially…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-05-23 Michael Reiterer , Eugene Trubowitz

When the vacuum Einstein equations are formulated in terms of a frame, rather than a metric, can one perturb solutions with a degenerate frame into ones with a nondegenerate frame? In examples we point out that one can encounter issues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-26 Michael Reiterer , Eugene Trubowitz

We study the phenomenon of bounces, as predicted by Belinski, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz (BKL) in the study of singularities arising from Einstein's equations, as an instability mechanism within the setting of the (inhomogeneous)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-23 Warren Li

We construct semiglobal singular spacetimes for the Einstein equations coupled to a massless scalar field. Consistent with the heuristic analysis of Belinskii, Khalatnikov, Lifshitz or BKL for this system, there are no oscillations due to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-05-08 Andrea Nützi , Michael Reiterer , Eugene Trubowitz

We clarify the links between a recently developped long wavelength iteration scheme of Einstein's equations, the Belinski Khalatnikov Lifchitz (BKL) general solution near a singularity and the antinewtonian scheme of Tomita's. We determine…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 N. Deruelle , D. Langlois

We study the phenomenon of bounces, as predicted by Belinski, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz (BKL), as an instability mechanism within the setting of the Einstein vacuum equations in Gowdy symmetry. In particular, for a wide class of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-23 Warren Li

One way to understand more about spacetime singularities is to construct solutions of the Einstein equations containing singularities with prescribed properties. The heuristic ideas of the BKL picture suggest that oscillatory singularities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-12-24 Alan D. Rendall

We rigorously construct and control a generic class of spatially homogeneous (Bianchi VIII and Bianchi IX) vacuum spacetimes that exhibit the oscillatory BKL phenomenology. We investigate the causal structure of these spacetimes and show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 Michael Reiterer , Eugene Trubowitz

In this paper we consider second order perturbations of a flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre universe whose stress-energy content is a single minimally coupled scalar field with an arbitrary potential. We derive the general solution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-19 Claes Uggla , John Wainwright

We study time-dependent compactification of extra dimensions. We assume that the spacetime is spatially homogeneous, and solve the vacuum Einstein equations without cosmological constant in more than three dimensions. We consider globally…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-14 Yuichiro Sato , Takanao Tsuyuki

According to Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz (BKL), a generic spacelike singularity is characterized by asymptotic locality: Asymptotically, toward the singularity, each spatial point evolves independently from its neighbors, in an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-05 J. Mark Heinzle , Claes Uggla , Woei Chet Lim

By applying a standard solution generating technique, we transform an arbitrary vacuum Mixmaster solution on $S^3 \times {\bf R}$ to a new solution which is spatially inhomogeneous. We thereby obtain a family of exact, spatially…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Beverly K. Berger , Vincent Moncrief

The most detailed existing proposal for the structure of spacetime singularities originates in the work of Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz. We show rigorously the correctness of this proposal in the case of analytic solutions of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Lars Andersson , Alan D. Rendall

In previous works, it was shown that the Lagrangians and Hamiltonians of cosmological linear scalar, vector and tensor perturbations of homogeneous and isotropic space-times with flat spatial sections containing a perfect fluid can be put…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-14 S. D. P. Vitenti , F. T. Falciano , N. Pinto-Neto

Recently it was shown that the exact cosmological solutions known as the vacuum plane-wave solutions are late-time attractors for an open set of the spatially homogeneous Bianchi universes containing a non-inflationary $\gamma$-law perfect…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Sigbjorn Hervik , Alan Coley

The Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz conjecture \cite{bkl1} posits that on approach to a space-like singularity in general relativity the dynamics are well approximated by `ignoring spatial derivatives in favor of time derivatives.' In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-10 Abhay Ashtekar , Adam Henderson , David Sloan

We study the spatially homogeneous relativistic Boltzmann equation for massless particles in an FLRW background with scattering kernels in a certain range of soft and hard potentials. We obtain the future global existence of small solutions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Ho Lee

Recent progress in understanding the structure of cosmological singularities is reviewed. The well-known picture due to Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifschitz (BKL) is summarized briefly and it is discussed what existing analytical and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alan D. Rendall

In this paper, we prove that the set of solutions of constraint equations for coupled Einstein and scalar fields in classical general relativity possesses Hilbert manifold structure. We follow the work of R. Bartnik [2] and use weighted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-31 Juhi H. Rai , R. V. Saraykar

We compute second-order quantum corrections, as quantum dispersions and correlations, to a cosmological model coupling a single scalar perturbation mode to a bouncing background within Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). Using an effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-19 Héctor Hernández Hernández , Hugo Morales Técotl , Gustavo Sánchez Herrera
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