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The no-hair theorem characterizes the fundamental nature of black holes in general relativity. This theorem can be tested observationally by measuring the mass and spin of a black hole as well as its quadrupole moment, which may deviate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-24 Tim Johannsen

A major aim of gravitational wave astronomy is to test observationally the Kerr nature of black holes. The strongest such test, with minimal additional assumptions, is provided by observations of multiple ringdown modes, also known as black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-10 Collin D. Capano , Jahed Abedi , Shilpa Kastha , Alexander H. Nitz , Julian Westerweck , Yi-Fan Wang , Miriam Cabero , Alex B. Nielsen , Badri Krishnan

Astrophysical black hole candidates are thought to be the Kerr black hole predicted by General Relativity. In order to confirm the Kerr-nature of these objects, we need to probe the geometry of the space-time around them and see if the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-12 Cosimo Bambi

Newly formed black holes are expected to emit characteristic radiation in the form of quasi-normal modes, called ringdown waves, with discrete frequencies. LISA should be able to detect the ringdown waves emitted by oscillating supermassive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso , Clifford M. Will

The post-merger signal in binary black hole merger is described by linear, black-hole perturbation theory. Historically, this has been modeled using the dominant positive-frequency (corotating) fundamental mode. Recently, there has been a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-26 Arnab Dhani

A perturbed black hole emits gravitational radiation, usually termed the ringdown signal, whose frequency and time-constant depends on the mass and spin of the black hole. I investigate the case of a binary black hole merger resulting from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Ioannis Kamaretsos

We investigate the prospect of using black hole spectroscopy to constrain the parameters of Horndeski gravity through observations of gravitational waves from perturbed black holes. We study the gravitational waves emitted during ringdown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-18 Oliver J. Tattersall , Pedro G. Ferreira

The remnant of a black hole binary merger settles into a stationary configuration by "ringing down" through the emission of gravitational waves that consist of a superposition of damped exponentials with discrete complex frequencies - the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-11 Matteo Della Rocca , Laura Pezzella , Emanuele Berti , Leonardo Gualtieri , Andrea Maselli

Test of the no-hair theorem is the primary target with gravitational waves from binary black holes. In this Letter, we analyze gravitational-wave data from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detection of binary black-hole mergers using the PSI_FD model,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-06 Song Li , Wen-Biao Han , Shu-Cheng Yang

The multipole moments of black holes in general relativity obey certain consistency relations known as the no-hair theorems. The details of this multipolar structure are imprinted into the gravitational waves emitted by binary black holes,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-11 Nicholas Loutrel , Richard Brito , Andrea Maselli , Paolo Pani

The "ringdown" radiation emitted by oscillating black holes has great scientific potential. By carefully predicting the frequencies and amplitudes of black hole quasinormal modes and comparing them with gravitational-wave data from compact…

The ''ringdown'' stage of gravitational-wave signals from binary black hole mergers, mainly consisting of a superposition of quasinormal modes emitted by the merger remnant, is a key tool to test fundamental physics and to probe black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-06 Francesco Crescimbeni , Gregorio Carullo , Emanuele Berti , Giada Caneva Santoro , Mark Ho-Yeuk Cheung , Paolo Pani

We perform the first nonlinear and self-consistent study of the merger and ringdown of a black hole mimicking object with stable light rings. To that end, we numerically solve the full Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations governing the head-on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-23 Nils Siemonsen

In the aftermath of a binary black hole merger event, the gravitational wave signal emitted by the remnant black hole is modeled as a superposition of damped sinusoids known as quasinormal modes. While the dominant quasinormal modes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-18 Sophia Yi , Adrien Kuntz , Enrico Barausse , Emanuele Berti , Mark Ho-Yeuk Cheung , Konstantinos Kritos , Andrea Maselli

It is shown that the spectral amplitude of gravitational-wave (GW) ringdown of a Kerr black hole sourced by an extreme mass ratio merger can be modeled by the $\textit{greybody factor}$, which quantifies the scattering nature of the black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-04 Naritaka Oshita

Black hole spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the Kerr nature of astrophysical compact objects and their environment. The observation of multiple ringdown modes in gravitational waveforms could soon lead to high-precision…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-27 Kyriakos Destounis , Rodrigo Panosso Macedo , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso , José Luis Jaramillo

The coalescence of two black holes generates gravitational waves that carry detailed information about the properties of those black holes and their binary configuration. The final coalescence cycles are in the form of a {\it ringdown}: a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-18 Scott A. Hughes , Anuj Apte , Gaurav Khanna , Halston Lim

We propose a novel method to test the binary black hole (BBH) nature of compact binaries detectable by gravitational wave (GW) interferometers and hence constrain the parameter space of other exotic compact objects. The spirit of the test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-13 N. V. Krishnendu , K. G. Arun , Chandra Kant Mishra

We provide the most complete analysis so far of quasinormal modes of rotating black holes in a general higher-derivative extension of Einstein's theory. By finding the corrections to the Teukolsky equation and expressing them in a simple…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-17 Pablo A. Cano , Lodovico Capuano , Nicola Franchini , Simon Maenaut , Sebastian H. Völkel

Ringdown gravitational waves of compact object binaries observed by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors encapsulate rich information to understand remnant objects after the merger and to test general relativity in the strong field. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-29 Norichika Sago , Soichiro Isoyama , Hiroyuki Nakano
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