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We consider the problem of packing edge-disjoint Steiner forests in a graph. The input consists of a multi-graph $G=(V,E)$ and a collection of $h$ vertex subsets $S = \{S_1,S_2,\ldots,S_h\}$. A Steiner forest for $S$, also called an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinghan A Zeng

A classical result by Otter shows that the complete graph has an exponential number of non-isomorphic spanning trees. This was recently extended by Lee to every almost regular graph of sufficiently large degree. In this paper, we consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Veronica Bitonti , Lukas Michel , Alex Scott

In this paper, we study the graph polynomial that counts spanning rooted forests f_g of a given graph. This polynomial has a remarkable reciprocity property. We give a new bijective proof for this theorem which has Prufer coding as a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-15 ShinnYih Huang

A heterochromatic (or rainbow) graph is an edge-colored graph whose edges have distinct colors, that is, where each color appears at most once. In this paper, I propose a $(g,f)$-chromatic graph as an edge-colored graph where each color $c$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-15 Kazuhiro Suzuki

We prove that there is $c>0$ such that for all sufficiently large $n$, if $T_1,\dots,T_n$ are any trees such that $T_i$ has $i$ vertices and maximum degree at most $cn/\log n$, then $\{T_1,\dots,T_n\}$ packs into $K_n$. Our main result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-22 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher , Dennis Clemens , Jan Hladký , Diana Piguet , Anusch Taraz

In a paper from 2001 (Journal of the LMS), Diestel and Leader offered a proof that a connected graph has a normal spanning tree if and only if it does not contain a minor from two specific forbidden classes of graphs, all of cardinality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Max Pitz

A classic result of Asplund and Gr\"unbaum states that intersection graphs of axis-aligned rectangles in the plane are $\chi$-bounded. This theorem can be equivalently stated in terms of path-decompositions as follows: There exists a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Stefan Felsner , Gwenaël Joret , Piotr Micek , William T. Trotter , Veit Wiechert

The {\sc Directed Maximum Leaf Out-Branching} problem is to find an out-branching (i.e. a rooted oriented spanning tree) in a given digraph with the maximum number of leaves. In this paper, we improve known parameterized algorithms and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-07-10 Noga Alon , Fedor V. Fomin , Gregory Gutin , Michael Krivelevich , Saket Saurabh

In this paper, a new concept in graphs namely well-f-coveredness is introduced. We characterize all graphs with such property, whose maximum induced forests are of boundary order. Also we prove several propositions concerning with obtaining…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Reza Jafarpour-Golzari

In this paper, we develop a new method to produce explicit formulas for the number $f_{G}(n)$ of rooted spanning forests in the circulant graphs $ G=C_{n}(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_k)$ and $ G=C_{2n}(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_k,n).$ These formulas are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-08 L. A. Grunwald , I. A. Mednykh

A spanning tree $T$ in a graph $G$ is a sub-graph of $G$ with the same vertex set as $G$ which is a tree. In 1981, McKay proved an asymptotic result regarding the number of spanning trees in random $k$-regular graphs. In this paper we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Ron Rosenthal , Lior Tenenbaum

We provide a local probabilistic description of the limiting statistics of large preferential attachment trees in terms of the ordinary degree (number of neighbors) but augmented with information on leafdegree (number of neighbors that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-03 Harrison Hartle , P. L. Krapivsky

A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. A spanning 2-ended tree is a Hamilton path. A Hamilton cycle can be considered as a spanning 1-ended tree. The earliest result concerning spanning trees with few leaves states that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-09 Zh. G. Nikoghosyan

We consider a discrete-time dynamical process on graphs, firstly introduced in connection with a protocol for controlling large networks of spin 1/2 quantum mechanical particles [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 100501 (2007)]. A description is as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-17 Simone Severini

We consider all spanning trees of a complete simple graph $\Gamma$ on $n$ vertices that contain a given $m-$forest $F$. We show that the number of such spanning trees, $\tau(F)$, doesn't depend on the structure of $F$ and is completely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Peter J. Cameron , Michael Kagan

Let $G$ be a graph and let $l$ be an integer-valued function on subsets of $V(G)$. The graph $G$ is said to be $l$-partition-connected, if for every partition $P$ of $V(G)$, $e_G(P)\ge \sum_{A\in P} l(A)-l(V(G))$, where $e_G(P)$ denotes the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-22 Morteza Hasanvand

Let $F(G)$ be the number of forests of a graph $G$. Similarly let $C(G)$ be the number of connected spanning subgraphs of a connected graph $G$. We bound $F(G)$ and $C(G)$ for regular graphs and for graphs with fixed average degree. Among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Márton Borbényi , Péter Csikvári , Haoran Luo

A class of acyclic digraphs $\mathscr{C}$ is linearly unavoidable if there exists a constant $c$ such that every digraph $D\in \mathscr{C}$ is contained in all tournaments of order $c\cdot |V(D)|$. The class of all acyclic digraphs is not…

It is well known that if $G = (V, E)$} is a multigraph and $X\subset V$ is a subset of even order, then $G$ contains a spanning forest $H$ such that each vertex from $X$ has an odd degree in $H$ and all the other vertices have an even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-29 Csilla Bujtás , Stanislav Jendrol , Zsolt Tuza

This paper considers the asymptotic distribution of the longest edge of the minimal spanning tree and nearest neighbor graph on X_1,...,X_{N_n} where X_1,X_2,... are i.i.d. in \Re^2 with distribution F and N_n is independent of the X_i and…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tailen Hsing , Holger Rootzen