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Symmetries play a crucial role in the classification of topological phases of matter. Although recent studies have established a powerful framework to search for and classify topological phases based on symmetry indicators, there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 W. -D. Zhao , Y. -B. Yang , Y. Jiang , Z. -C. Mao , W. -X. Guo , L. -Y. Qiu , G. -X. Wang , L. Yao , L. He , Z. -C. Zhou , Y. Xu , L. -M. Duan

We analyze quantum-geometric bounds on optical weights in topological phases with pairs of bands hosting nontrivial Euler class, a multigap invariant characterizing non-Abelian band topology. We show how the bounds constrain the combined…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-05 Wojciech J. Jankowski , Arthur S. Morris , Adrien Bouhon , F. Nur Ünal , Robert-Jan Slager

Two-dimensional systems with $C_{2}\mathcal{T}$ ($P\mathcal{T}$) symmetry exhibit the Euler class topology $E\in\mathbb{Z}$ in each two-band subspace realizing a fragile topology beyond the symmetry indicators. By systematically studying…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-09 Yifei Guan , Adrien Bouhon , Oleg V. Yazyev

Real band topology often appears in systems with space-time inversion symmetry and is characterized by invariants such as the Euler and second Stiefel-Whitney classes. Here, we examine the generic band topology of Bogoliubov de-Gennes (BdG)…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-27 Shingo Kobayashi , Manabu Sato , Akira Furusaki

We propose a real-space formalism of the topological Euler class, which characterizes the fragile topology of two-dimensional systems with real wave functions. This real-space description is characterized by local Euler markers whose…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Dexin Li , Citian Wang , Huaqing Huang

We study optical manifestations of multigap band topology in multiband superconductors with a nontrivial topological Euler class. We introduce a set of lattice models for non-Abelian superconductors with the Euler invariant signified by a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-08-12 Chun Wang Chau , Wojciech J. Jankowski , Robert-Jan Slager

Although topological materials have recently seen tremendous development, their applications have remained elusive. Simultaneously, there exists considerable interest in pushing the limits of topological materials, including the exploration…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Sophia R. Sklan , Baowen Li

We investigate Riemannian quantum-geometric structures in semiclassical transport features of two-dimensional multigap topological phases. In particular, we study nonlinear Hall-like bulk electric current responses and, accordingly,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Ashwat Jain , Wojciech J. Jankowski , Robert-Jan Slager

The Euler class characterizes the topology of two real bands isolated from other bands in two-dimensions. Despite various intriguing topological properties predicted up to now, the candidate real materials hosting electronic Euler bands are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-26 Seung Hun Lee , Yuting Qian , Bohm-Jung Yang

We show that the Wannier obstruction and the fragile topology of the nearly flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene at magic angle are manifestations of the nontrivial topology of two-dimensional real wave functions characterized by the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Junyeong Ahn , Sungjoon Park , Bohm-Jung Yang

The past few years have seen rapid progress in characterizing topological band structures using symmetry eigenvalue indicated methods. Recently, however, there has been increasing theoretical and experimental interest in multi-gap dependent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Adrien Bouhon , Robert-Jan Slager

Two-dimensional Euler insulators are novel kind of systems that host multi-gap topological phases, quantified by a quantised first Euler number in their bulk. Recently, these phases have been experimentally realised in suitable…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-25 Adrien Bouhon , Yan-Qing Zhu , Robert-Jan Slager , Giandomenico Palumbo

Classical spin liquids have recently been analyzed in view of the single-gap homotopy classification of their dispersive eigenvectors. We show that the recent progress in defining multi-gap topologies, notably exemplified by the Euler…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-05-16 Luca Rüegg , Arthur Morris , Han Yan , Robert-Jan Slager

The application of topology, a branch of mathematics, to the study of electronic states in crystalline materials has had a revolutionary impact on the field of condensed matter physics. For example, the development of topological band…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-19 Christopher Daggett , Kaijie Yang , Chaoxing Liu , Lukas Muechler

We discuss a class of three-band non-Abelian topological insulators in three dimensions that carry a single bulk Hopf index protected by spatiotemporal ($\mathcal{PT}$) inversion symmetry. These phases may also host subdimensional…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Wojciech J. Jankowski , Arthur S. Morris , Zory Davoyan , Adrien Bouhon , F. Nur Ünal , Robert-Jan Slager

We report the theoretical prediction and experimental observation of a new class of four-dimensional (4D) tensor singularities and their three-dimensional (3D) Euler-class descendants, protected by chiral and spacetime inversion symmetries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Zhe Wang , Yan-Qing Zhu , Xinsheng Tan , Giandomenico Palumbo , Lichang Ji , Wei Xin , Shi-Liang Zhu , Yang Yu

The study of topological band theory in classical structures has led to the development of novel topological metamaterials with intriguing properties. While single-gap topologies are well understood, recent novel multi-gap phases have…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-08 Jijie Tang , Adrien Bouhon , Yue Shen , Kailun Wang , Junrong Feng , Feng Li , Di Zhou , Robert-Jan Slager , Ying Wu

The Euler class is a $\mathbb{Z}$-valued topological invariant that characterizes a pair of real bands in a two-dimensional Brillouin zone. One of the symmetries that permits its definition is $C_{2z}T$, where $C_{2z}$ denotes a twofold…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Manabu Sato , Shingo Kobayashi , Motoaki Hirayama , Akira Furusaki

For an orientable surface with an area form, there are two invariants of area-preserving dynamics, the flux homomorphism and the Calabi invariant. Tsuboi found a remarkable connection between the Calabi invariant on the closed disk and a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-19 KyeongRo Kim , Shuhei Maruyama

We describe a class of parity- and time-reversal-invariant topological states of matter which can arise in correlated electron systems in 2+1-dimensions. These states are characterized by particle-like excitations exhibiting exotic braiding…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-06-07 Michael Freedman , Chetan Nayak , Kirill Shtengel , Kevin Walker , Zhenghan Wang
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