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In this chapter we present transformation semigroups and their applications. We begin with Klein's approach to geometry based on invariants of transformation groups. Then we present symmetry groups in chemistry and in classical mechanics.…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Katarzyna Pichór , Ryszard Rudnicki

When decomposing a finite semigroup into a wreath product of groups and aperiodic semigroups, complexity measures the minimal number of groups that are needed. Determining an algorithm to compute complexity has been an open problem for…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Stuart Margolis , John Rhodes , Anne Schilling

We define the notion of the partial order of ends of the Cayley graph of a semigroup. We prove that the structure of the ends of a semigroup is invariant under change of finite generating set and at the same time is inherited by…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-04 S. Craik , R. Gray , V. Kilibarda , J. D. Mitchell , N. Ruskuc

This thesis is about trying to understand various aspects of partial symmetry using ideas from semigroup and category theory. In Chapter 2 it is shown that the left Rees monoids underlying self-similar group actions are precisely monoid…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-10 Alistair R. Wallis

Graph translation is very promising research direction and has a wide range of potential real-world applications. Graph is a natural structure for representing relationship and interactions, and its translation can encode the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Tianxiang Zhao , Xianfeng Tang , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

The well-known characterization of two-ended groups says that every two-ended group can be split over finite subgroups which means it is isomorphic to either by a free product with amalgamation $A\ast_C B$ or an HNN-extension $\ast_{\phi}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-13 Babak Miraftab , Tim Rühmann

We introduce the inverse monoid of inner partial automorphisms of a semigroup -- a tool that associates to every semigroup an inverse semigroup. When the semigroup is a group, this inverse semigroup is isomorphic to the group of inner…

Let C be an integral fusion category. We study some graphs, called the prime graph and the common divisor graph, related to the Frobenius-Perron dimensions of simple objects in the category C, that extend the corresponding graphs associated…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Sonia Natale , Edwin Pacheco

The theory of flows was used as a crucial tool in the recent proof by Margolis, Rhodes and Schilling that Krohn-Rhodes complexity is decidable. In this paper we begin a systematic study of aperiodic flows. We give the foundations of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Stuart Margolis , John Rhodes

This paper addresses questions of quasi-isometric rigidity and classification for fundamental groups of finite graphs of groups, under the assumption that the Bass-Serre tree of the graph of groups has finite depth. The main example of a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lee Mosher , Michah Sageev , Kevin Whyte

The paper is devoted to two types of algebraic models of automata. The usual (first type) model leads to the developed decomposition theory (Krohn-Rhodes theory). We introduce another type of automata model and study how these automata are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Boris Plotkin , Tatjana Plotkin

We study locally closed transformation monoids which contain the automorphism group of the random graph. We show that such a transformation monoid is locally generated by the permutations in the monoid, or contains a constant operation, or…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-04-13 Manuel Bodirsky , Michael Pinsker

In recent papers, Margolis, Rhodes and Schilling proved that the complexity of a finite semigroup is computable. This solved a problem that had been open for more than 50 years. The purpose of this paper is to survey the basic results of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-03 StuarT Margolis , John Rhodes , Anne Schilling

A transitive permutation group is semiprimitive if each of its normal subgroups is transitive or semiregular. Interest in this class of groups is motivated by two sources: problems arising in universal algebra related to collapsing monoids…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-14 Michael Giudici , Luke Morgan

The structure of transformation semigroups on a finite set is analyzed by introducing a hierarchy of functions mapping subsets to subsets. The resulting hierarchy of semigroups has a corresponding hierarchy of minimal ideals, or kernels.…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-02 G. Budzban , Ph. Feinsilver

Graph transformations definable in logic can be described using the notion of transductions. By understanding transductions as a basic embedding mechanism, which captures the possibility of encoding one graph in another graph by means of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Michał Pilipczuk

The purpose of the paper is to suggest a new method which allows one to study multiple coherent reflection/transmissions by partially transparent interfaces (e.g. in multi-layer mesoscopic structures or grain boundaries in high-Tc's) in the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-09-25 A. Shelankov , M. Ozana

The commuting graph of a finite non-commutative semigroup S, denoted by \Delta(S), is the simple graph whose vertices are the non-central elements of S and two distinct vertices x; y are adjacent if xy = yx. In the present paper, we study…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Jitender Kumar , Sandeep Dalal , Pranav Pandey

We extend the theory of fast Fourier transforms on finite groups to finite inverse semigroups. We use a general method for constructing the irreducible representations of a finite inverse semigroup to reduce the problem of computing its…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-02 Martin Malandro

We consider semigroups of transformations (partial mappings defined on a set $A$) closed under the set-theoretic intersection of mappings treated as subsets of $A\times A$. On such semigroups we define two relations: the relation of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-05-28 W. A. Dudek , V. S. Trokhimenko