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In the analysis of cluster randomized trials (CRTs), previous work has defined two meaningful estimands: the individual-average treatment effect (iATE) and cluster-average treatment effect (cATE) estimand, to address individual and…

In multi-state models based on high-dimensional data, effective modeling strategies are required to determine an optimal, ideally parsimonious model. In particular, linking covariate effects across transitions is needed to conduct joint…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-27 Kaya Miah , Jelle J. Goeman , Hein Putter , Annette Kopp-Schneider , Axel Benner

We study regression discontinuity designs in which many predetermined covariates, possibly much more than the number of observations, can be used to increase the precision of treatment effect estimates. We consider a two-step estimator…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-06 Alexander Kreiß , Christoph Rothe

The Average Treatment Effect (ATE) is a global measure of the effectiveness of an experimental treatment intervention. Classical methods of its estimation either ignore relevant covariates or do not fully exploit them. Moreover, past work…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-11-05 Emil Pitkin , Richard Berk , Lawrence Brown , Andreas Buja , Ed George , Kai Zhang , Linda Zhao

Many estimators of the average effect of a treatment on an outcome require estimation of the propensity score, the outcome regression, or both. It is often beneficial to utilize flexible techniques such as semiparametric regression or…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-14 Cheng Ju , David Benkeser , Mark J. van der Laan

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) randomly assign an intervention to groups of individuals (e.g., clinics or communities) and measure outcomes on individuals in those groups. While offering many advantages, this experimental design…

Effect modification occurs when the effect of the treatment on an outcome varies according to the level of other covariates and often has important implications in decision making. When there are tens or hundreds of covariates, it becomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-23 Qingyuan Zhao , Dylan S. Small , Ashkan Ertefaie

Recent work has focused on the problem of conducting linear regression when the number of covariates is very large, potentially greater than the sample size. To facilitate this, one useful tool is to assume that the model can be well…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-11-21 Zhou Fang

While sample sizes in randomized clinical trials are large enough to estimate the average treatment effect well, they are often insufficient for estimation of treatment-covariate interactions critical to studying data-driven precision…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-22 Steve Yadlowsky , Fabio Pellegrini , Federica Lionetto , Stefan Braune , Lu Tian

The Synthetic Control method (SC) has become a valuable tool for estimating causal effects. Originally designed for single-treated unit scenarios, it has recently found applications in high-dimensional disaggregated settings with multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-28 Ye Shen , Rui Song , Alberto Abadie

The LASSO is an attractive regularisation method for linear regression that combines variable selection with an efficient computation procedure. This paper is concerned with enhancing the performance of LASSO for square-free hierarchical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-10 Shaoxiong Hu , Hugo Maruri-Aguliar , Zixiang Ma

Longitudinal cluster randomized trials (L-CRTs) are increasingly used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions across multiple assessment periods, yet design methods for powering these trials remain underdeveloped.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Hao Wang , Jingxia Liu , Drew B. Cameron , Jiaqi Tong , Donna Spiegelman , Daniella Meeker , Fan Li

This paper studies the covariance matrix estimation for high-dimensional time series within a new framework that combines low-rank factor and latent variable-specific cluster structures. The popular methods based on assuming the sparse…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-25 Dong Li , Xinghao Qiao , Cheng Yu

In high dimensional regression, feature clustering by their effects on outcomes is often as important as feature selection. For that purpose, clustered Lasso and octagonal shrinkage and clustering algorithm for regression (OSCAR) are used…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-17 Atsumori Takahashi , Shunichi Nomura

When data are clustered, common practice has become to do OLS and use an estimator of the covariance matrix of the OLS estimator that comes close to unbiasedness. In this paper we derive an estimator that is unbiased when the random-effects…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-06-22 Tom Boot , Gianmaria Niccodemi , Tom Wansbeek

High resolution microarrays and second-generation sequencing platforms are powerful tools to investigate genome-wide alterations in DNA copy number, methylation and gene expression associated with a disease. An integrated genomic profiling…

Applications · Statistics 2013-04-22 Ronglai Shen , Sijian Wang , Qianxing Mo

In theory, two-stage least squares (TSLS) identifies a weighted average of covariate-specific local average treatment effects (LATEs) from a saturated specification, without making parametric assumptions on how available covariates enter…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-03 Tom Boot , Didier Nibbering

Network data are increasingly common in the social sciences and infectious disease epidemiology. Analyses often link network structure to node-level covariates, but existing methods falter with sparse networks and high-dimensional node…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-05 Emma G Crenshaw , Yuhua Zhang , Jukka-Pekka Onnela

Stepped-wedge designs are increasingly used in randomized experiments to accommodate logistical and ethical constraints by staggering treatment roll-out over time. Despite their popularity, existing analytical methods largely rely on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-12 Liangbo Lyu , Bingkai Wang

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are often considered the gold standard for estimating causal effect, but they may lack external validity when the population eligible to the RCT is substantially different from the target population.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-11 Bénédicte Colnet , Julie Josse , Erwan Scornet , Gaël Varoquaux