Related papers: Distance between natural numbers based on their pr…

We introduce the telescopic relative entropy (TRE), which is a new regularisation of the relative entropy related to smoothing, to overcome the problem that the relative entropy between pure states is either zero or infinity and therefore…

Counting the number of prime numbers up to a certain natural number and describing the asymptotic behavior of such a counting function has been studied by famous mathematicians like Gauss, Legendre, Dirichlet, and Euler. The prime number…

Combining the Hardy-Littlewood k-tuple conjecture with a heuristic application of extreme-value statistics, we propose a family of estimator formulas for predicting maximal gaps between prime k-tuples. Computations show that the estimator…

We prove a kind of "almost all symmetry" result for the primes, i.e. we give non-trivial bounds for the "symmetry integral", say $I_{\Lambda}(N,h)$, of the von Mangoldt function $\Lambda(n)$ ($:= \log p$ for prime-powers $n=p^r$, 0…

It is commonly believed that the normalized gaps between consecutive ordinates $t_n$ of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line can be arbitrarily large. In particular, drawing on analogies with random matrix theory, it…

With increasing use of digital control it is natural to view control inputs and outputs as stochastic processes assuming values over finite alphabets rather than in a Euclidean space. As control over networks becomes increasingly common,…

We consider the edge-triangle model, a two-parameter family of exponential random graphs in which dependence between edges is introduced through triangles. In the so-called replica symmetric regime, the limiting free energy exists together…

Let $L=(L_d)_{d \in \mathbb N}$ be any ordered probability sequence, i.e., satisfying $0 < L_{d+1} \le L_d$ for each $d \in \mathbb N$ and $\sum_{d \in \mathbb N} L_d =1$. We construct sequences $A = (a_i)_{i \in \mathbb N}$ on the…

We consider two multiplicative statistics on the set of integer partitions: the norm of a partition, which is the product of its parts, and the supernorm of a partition, which is the product of the prime numbers $p_i$ indexed by its parts…

The odds ratio (OR) is a measure of effect size commonly used in observational research. OR reflects statistical association between a binary outcome, such as the presence of a health condition, and a binary predictor, such as an exposure…

Let $M_n$ be the minimal position at generation $n$, of a real-valued branching random walk in the boundary case. As $n \to \infty$, $M_n- {3 \over 2} \log n$ is tight (see [1][9][2]). We establish here a law of iterated logarithm for the…

The \emph{distance-number} of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of distinct edge-lengths over all straight-line drawings of $G$ in the plane. This definition generalises many well-known concepts in combinatorial geometry. We consider the…

A random geometric digraph $G_n$ is constructed by taking $\{X_1,X_2,... X_n\}$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$ independently at random with a common bounded density function. Each vertex $X_i$ is assigned at random a sector $S_i$ of central angle…

Let $F\{dx\}$ be a relatively stable probability distribution on the whole real line and $S_n$ the random walk started at the origin with step distribution $F$. We obtain an exact asymptotic form of the Green measure $U\{x+dy\}=…

This thesis determines some of the implications of non-universal and emergent universal statistics on arithmetic correlations and fluctuations of arithmetic functions, in particular correlations amongst prime numbers and the variance of the…

Energy distance is a statistical distance between the distributions of random variables, which characterizes the equality of the distributions. Utilizing the energy distance, we develop a nonparametric test for the diagonal symmetry, which…

We consider the problem of estimating the $L_1$ distance between two discrete probability measures $P$ and $Q$ from empirical data in a nonasymptotic and large alphabet setting. When $Q$ is known and one obtains $n$ samples from $P$, we…

Assuming that Siegel zeros exist, we prove a hybrid version of the Chowla and Hardy--Littlewood prime tuples conjectures. Thus, for an infinite sequence of natural numbers $x$, and any distinct integers $h_1,\dots,h_k,h'_1,\dots,h'_\ell$,…

We present a new probabilistic proof of Otter's asymptotic formula for the number of unlabelled trees with a given number of vertices. We additionally prove a new approximation result, showing that the total variation distance between…

Let P_1 and P_2 be two sets of points in the plane, so that P_1 is contained in a line L_1, P_2 is contained in a line L_2, and L_1 and L_2 are neither parallel nor orthogonal. Then the number of distinct distances determined by the pairs…