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Threat hunting is a proactive methodology for exploring, detecting and mitigating cyberattacks within complex environments. As opposed to conventional detection systems, threat hunting strategies assume adversaries have infiltrated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ángel Casanova Bienzobas , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Insider threats represent one of the most critical challenges in modern cybersecurity. These threats arise from individuals within an organization who misuse their legitimate access to harm the organization's assets, data, or operations.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Anas Ali , Mubashar Husain , Peter Hans

The paper presents an alignment evaluation between the mitigations present in the MITRE's ATT&CK framework and the essential cyber security requirements of the recently introduced Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) in the European Union. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jukka Ruohonen , Eun-Young Kang , Qusai Ramadan

The document provides an in-depth analysis of the main attack chain models used in cybersecurity, including the Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain framework, the MITER ATT&CK framework, the Diamond model, and the IoTKC, focusing on their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Juan Diego Bermudez , Josue Joel Castro , Diego Alejandro Peralta , Pablo Alejandro Guacaneme

Given the extreme heterogeneity of actors and groups participating in terrorist actions, investigating and assessing their characteristics can be important to extract relevant information and enhance the knowledge on their behaviors. The…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Gian Maria Campedelli , Iain Cruickshank , Kathleen M. Carley

With the continuous improvement of attack methods, there are more and more distributed, complex, targeted attacks in which the attackers use combined attack methods to achieve the purpose. Advanced cyber attacks include multiple stages to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaoyu Wang , Xiaorui Gong , Lei Yu , Jian Liu

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack, also known as directed threat attack, refers to the continuous and effective attack activities carried out by an organization on a specific object. They are covert, persistent and targeted, which are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Ru Zhang , Wenxin Sun , Jianyi Liu , Jingwen Li , Guan Lei , Han Guo

Advanced persistent threats (APT) are stealthy, sophisticated, and unpredictable cyberattacks that can steal intellectual property, damage critical infrastructure, or cause millions of dollars in damage. Detecting APTs by monitoring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Ghita Berrada , Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , James Cheney , William Maxwell , Himan Mookherjee , Alec Theriault , Ryan Wright

We study here the semi-supervised $k$-clustering problem where information is available on whether pairs of objects are in the same or in different clusters. This information is either available with certainty or with a limited level of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Philipp Baumann , Dorit S. Hochbaum

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attribution is a critical challenge in cybersecurity and implies the process of accurately identifying the perpetrators behind sophisticated cyber attacks. It can significantly enhance defense mechanisms and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Nanda Rani , Bikash Saha , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Increasingly, malwares are becoming complex and they are spreading on networks targeting different infrastructures and personal-end devices to collect, modify, and destroy victim information. Malware behaviors are polymorphic, metamorphic,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Lionel Nganyewou Tidjon , Foutse Khomh

This work focuses on validation of attack pattern mining in the context of Industrial Control System (ICS) security. A comprehensive security assessment of an ICS requires generating a large and variety of attack patterns. For this purpose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Muhammad Azmi Umer , Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed , Aditya Mathur , Muhammad Taha Jilani

Pattern comparison represents a fundamental and crucial aspect of scientific modeling, artificial intelligence, and pattern recognition. Three main approaches have typically been applied for pattern comparison: (i) distances; (ii)…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-12 Alexandre Benatti , Luciano da F. Costa

Attack trees (ATs) are an important tool in security analysis, and an important part of AT analysis is computing metrics. However, metric computation is NP-complete in general. In this paper, we showcase the use of mixed integer linear…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mariëlle Stoelinga

An advanced persistent threat (APT) refers to a covert, long-term cyberattack, typically conducted by state-sponsored actors, targeting critical sectors and often remaining undetected for long periods. In response, collective intelligence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Shakhzod Yuldoshkhujaev , Mijin Jeon , Doowon Kim , Nick Nikiforakis , Hyungjoon Koo

We study adversarially robust multitask adaptive linear quadratic control; a setting where multiple systems collaboratively learn control policies under model uncertainty and adversarial corruption. We propose a clustered multitask approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kasra Fallah , Leonardo F. Toso , James Anderson

Hierarchical clustering is a stronger extension of one of today's most influential unsupervised learning methods: clustering. The goal of this method is to create a hierarchy of clusters, thus constructing cluster evolutionary history and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-14 MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , Marina Knittel

Recent advances in adversarial machine learning have shown that defenses considered to be robust are actually susceptible to adversarial attacks which are specifically customized to target their weaknesses. These defenses include Barrage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Ethan Rathbun , Kaleel Mahmood , Sohaib Ahmad , Caiwen Ding , Marten van Dijk

Intrusion detection systems perform post-compromise detection of security breaches whenever preventive measures such as firewalls do not avert an attack. However, these systems raise a vast number of alerts that must be analysed and triaged…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Herbert Maosa , Karim Ouazzane , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem

Despite its technological benefits, Internet of Things (IoT) has cyber weaknesses due to the vulnerabilities in the wireless medium. Machine learning (ML)-based methods are widely used against cyber threats in IoT networks with promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhiyan Chen , Jinxin Liu , Yu Shen , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Hussein T. Mouftah , Petar Djukic
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