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Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Quantum Information Processing, which is an exciting area of research at the intersection of physics and computer science, has great potential for influencing the future development of information processing systems. The building of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-11-06 Jaap Boender , Florian Kammüller , Rajagopal Nagarajan

Accurate and tamper-resistant timestamps are essential for applications demanding verifiable chronological ordering, such as legal documentation and digital intellectual property protection. Classical timestamp protocols rely on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Ming-Yang Li , Chen-Xun Weng , Wen-Bo Liu , Mengya Zhu , Zeng-Bing Chen

The intersection of cloud computing, blockchain technology, and the impending era of quantum computing presents a critical juncture for data security. This research addresses the escalating vulnerabilities by proposing a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 D. Dhinakaran , D. Selvaraj , N. Dharini , S. Edwin Raja , C. Sakthi Lakshmi Priya

The widely held belief that BQP strictly contains BPP raises fundamental questions: if we cannot efficiently compute predictions for the behavior of quantum systems, how can we test their behavior? In other words, is quantum mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-17 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or , Elad Eban , Urmila Mahadev

Quantum computers are expected to offer substantial speedups over their classical counterparts and to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers. Beyond such practical significance, the concept of quantum computation opens…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-13 Stefanie Barz , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Elham Kashefi , Philip Walther

Federated learning enables decentralized, privacy-preserving training but remains vulnerable to privacy leakage in the quantum era. Quantum federated learning (QFL) offers a promising path towards enhanced security and efficiency. However,…

Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger technology that ensures transparency, security, and immutability through cryptographic techniques. However, advancements in quantum computing threaten the security of classical cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos

Quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum message encryption protocols promise a secure way to distribute information while detecting eavesdropping. However, current protocols may suffer from significantly reduced eavesdropping protection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos , Kirby Linvill

Cryptographic protocols, such as protocols for secure function evaluation (SFE), have played a crucial role in the development of modern cryptography. The extensive theory of these protocols, however, deals almost exclusively with classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-08 Sean Hallgren , Adam Smith , Fang Song

Verification is a task to check whether a given quantum state is close to an ideal state or not. In this paper, we show that a variety of many-qubit quantum states can be verified with only sequential single-qubit measurements of Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Yuki Takeuchi , Tomoyuki Morimae

We construct a classically verifiable succinct interactive argument for quantum computation (BQP) with communication complexity and verifier runtime that are poly-logarithmic in the runtime of the BQP computation (and polynomial in the…

We introduce an explicit construction for a key distribution protocol in the Quantum Computational Timelock (QCT) security model, where one assumes that computationally secure encryption may only be broken after a time much longer than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Francesco Mazzoncini , Balthazar Bauer , Peter Brown , Romain Alléaume

The use of quantum computing for machine learning is among the most promising applications of quantum technologies. Quantum models inspired by classical algorithms are developed to explore some possible advantages over classical approaches.…

We consider a new model for the testing of untrusted quantum devices, consisting of a single polynomial-time bounded quantum device interacting with a classical polynomial-time verifier. In this model we propose solutions to two tasks - a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-06 Zvika Brakerski , Paul Christiano , Urmila Mahadev , Umesh Vazirani , Thomas Vidick

We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

We propose a new composable and information-theoretically secure protocol to verify that a server has the power to sample from a sub-universal quantum machine implementing only commuting gates. By allowing the client to manipulate single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-06 Daniel Mills , Anna Pappa , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Verification of quantum computation is a task to efficiently check whether an output given from a quantum computer is correct. Existing verification protocols conducted between a quantum computer to be verified and a verifier necessitate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Yuki Takeuchi , Akihiro Mizutani

Homomorphic encryption is an encryption scheme that allows computations to be evaluated on encrypted inputs without knowledge of their raw messages. Recently Ouyang et al. constructed a quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) scheme for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-29 Ching-Yi Lai , Kai-Min Chung

Proof of security of cryptographic protocols theoretically establishes the strength of a protocol and the constraints under which it can perform, it does not take into account the overall design of the protocol. In the past model checking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Satya Kuppam