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Traditional nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) learns a new feature representation on the whole data space, which means treating all features equally. However, a subspace is often sufficient for accurate representation in practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Junhang Li , Jiao Wei , Can Tong , Tingting Shen , Yuchen Liu , Chen Li , Shouliang Qi , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

Referring back to the original text in the course of hierarchical learning is a common human trait that ensures the right direction of learning. The models developed based on the concept of Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Prasun Dutta , Rajat K. De

The model described in this paper belongs to the family of non-negative matrix factorization methods designed for data representation and dimension reduction. In addition to preserving the data positivity property, it aims also to preserve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Rachid Hedjam , Abdelhamid Abdesselam , Abderrahmane Rahiche , Mohamed Cheriet

Addressing the interpretability problem of NMF on Boolean data, Boolean Matrix Factorization (BMF) uses Boolean algebra to decompose the input into low-rank Boolean factor matrices. These matrices are highly interpretable and very useful in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sebastian Dalleiger , Jilles Vreeken

Deep learning based methods hold state-of-the-art results in low-level image processing tasks, but remain difficult to interpret due to their black-box construction. Unrolled optimization networks present an interpretable alternative to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Nikola Janjušević , Amirhossein Khalilian-Gourtani , Yao Wang

A central goal for mechanistic interpretability has been to identify the right units of analysis in large language models (LLMs) that causally explain their outputs. While early work focused on individual neurons, evidence that neurons…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Or Shafran , Atticus Geiger , Mor Geva

Kernel-based subspace clustering, which addresses the nonlinear structures in data, is an evolving area of research. Despite noteworthy progressions, prevailing methodologies predominantly grapple with limitations relating to (i) the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Kunpeng Xu , Lifei Chen , Shengrui Wang

Traditional fault diagnosis methods struggle to handle fault data, with complex data characteristics such as high dimensions and large noise. Deep learning is a promising solution, which typically works well only when labeled fault data are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Dandan Zhao , Hongpeng Yin , Jintang Bian , Han Zhou

We introduce negative binomial matrix factorization (NBMF), a matrix factorization technique specially designed for analyzing over-dispersed count data. It can be viewed as an extension of Poisson matrix factorization (PF) perturbed by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Olivier Gouvert , Thomas Oberlin , Cédric Févotte

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) factorizes a non-negative matrix into product of two non-negative matrices, namely a signal matrix and a mixing matrix. NMF suffers from the scale and ordering ambiguities. Often, the source signals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Nirav Bhatt , Arun Ayyar

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and non-negative tensor factorization (NTF) decompose non-negative high-dimensional data into non-negative low-rank components. NMF and NTF methods are popular for their intrinsic interpretability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Alexander Sietsema , Zerrin Vural , James Chapman , Yotam Yaniv , Deanna Needell

Dimensionality reduction is considered as an important step for ensuring competitive performance in unsupervised learning such as anomaly detection. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular and widely used method to accomplish…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Imtiaz Ahmed , Xia Ben Hu , Mithun P. Acharya , Yu Ding

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) minimizes the Euclidean distance between the data matrix and its low rank approximation, and it fails when applied to corrupted data because the loss function is sensitive to outliers. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Naiyang Guan , Tongliang Liu , Yangmuzi Zhang , Dacheng Tao , Larry S. Davis

Deep learning based methods hold state-of-the-art results in image denoising, but remain difficult to interpret due to their construction from poorly understood building blocks such as batch-normalization, residual learning, and feature…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Nikola Janjušević , Amirhossein Khalilian-Gourtani , Yao Wang

We propose a method for noise reduction, the task of producing a clean audio signal from a recording corrupted by additive noise. Many common approaches to this problem are based upon applying non-negative matrix factorization to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-08 Andrew Sack , Wenzhao Jiang , Michael Perlmutter , Palina Salanevich , Deanna Needell

Concept Factorization (CF) and its variants may produce inaccurate representation and clustering results due to the sensitivity to noise, hard constraint on the reconstruction error and pre-obtained approximate similarities. To improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Zhao Zhang , Yan Zhang , Sheng Li , Guangcan Liu , Dan Zeng , Shuicheng Yan , Meng Wang

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular method for audio spectral unmixing. While NMF is traditionally applied to off-the-shelf time-frequency representations based on the short-time Fourier or Cosine transforms, the ability to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-07 Pierre Ablin , Dylan Fagot , Herwig Wendt , Alexandre Gramfort , Cédric Févotte

It has been an important approach of using matrix completion to perform image restoration. Most previous works on matrix completion focus on the low-rank property by imposing explicit constraints on the recovered matrix, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Zhemin Li , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Tao Luo , Hongxia Wang

Missing link prediction is a method for network analysis, with applications in recommender systems, biology, social sciences, cybersecurity, information retrieval, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) reasoning in Knowledge Graphs. Missing link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Ryan Barron , Maksim E. Eren , Duc P. Truong , Cynthia Matuszek , James Wendelberger , Mary F. Dorn , Boian Alexandrov

We here introduce a novel classification approach adopted from the nonlinear model identification framework, which jointly addresses the feature selection and classifier design tasks. The classifier is constructed as a polynomial expansion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-29 Aida Brankovic , Alessandro Falsone , Maria Prandini , Luigi Piroddi